192 
THE GEOLOGIST. 
he lias been made tlie victim of an exceedingly ingenious fraud by those 
workmen whom for years be has encouraged and liberally paid, We hope 
the proprietors of the quarry will reward their dishonesty and avarice, 
whenever it is brought home to them, in the summary manner they richly 
deserve. On M. de Perthes' side something is yet to be said ; and if he 
has been led on by his enthusiasm to too implicit a belief in the workmen's 
veracity, he has kept back nothing, suppressed nothing, but has courted 
every publicity, and has done his utmost to secure competent witnesses for 
every phase of what he still considers an important discovery ; if he should 
not in this case have that glory and good fortune he has so earnestly 
sought for so many years, the day will come when indeed his predictions 
will be verified, and we hope his life may be spared for that occasion, 
that his own hand shall draw forth from the gravel-beds their rare but 
precious proofs. 
PEOCEEDIXGS OF GEOLOGICAL SOCIETIES. 
MANcnEsTEB GEOLOGICAL SociETY. — Fehruary 2ith. — Mr. Whitaker 
produced two horses' teeth and a flint arrow-head, which he said came out 
of the drift gravel at Barrovrford, a few miles north of Burnley. 
1. " On the Drift Deposits near Burnley," by T. T. Wilkinson, F.R.A.S. 
The drift deposits in the vicinity of Burnley, as well as those near Man- 
chester, appear to possess several features of considerable importance, 
for, in addition to the usual clay and gravel, they contain pebbles and 
masses of foreign rocks, some of which are well water- worn, whilst others 
are so fresh and angular as to admit of scarcely any other explanation 
of their presence there than by iceberg-carriage from a great distance. 
A little east of the Four Lane Ends, near Blackburn, 650 feet above the 
level of the sea, the drift immediately overlies the Rough Eock, which 
crops out above the Corporation Park at an angle of about 75°. On the 
crest of this hill the blue clay, from which bricks have recently been made, 
lies upon the surface. It is, however, too much intermixed with sand, from 
the disintegration of the rock, to form good bricks. The pebbles and 
boulders contained in the clay appear mostly to belong to the Carboniferous 
formations, and their water- worn appearance indicates long-continued de- 
nuding action by water. Limestone and gannister pebbles occur in abun- 
dance; the former must have been drifted from a considerable distance. 
Extensive deposits of yellowish sand occur opposite Portfield, near 
Whalley, 196 feet above the level of the sea ; at Whittle Field, near Burn- 
ley, 451 feet above the level of the sea ; and also at Healey Hall, on the 
slope of Burnley Moor, 580 feet above the level of the sea. Masses, or 
veins, of hard carbonaceous matter are occasionally found in this sand, 
probably indicating the remains of former vegetation ; but as yet no shells 
have been detected in these deposits. 
At the Quarry, near Habergham Hall, the sandstone rock immediately 
overlies the Dandy Bed of the Burnley coal-field. The surface of the rock 
is there covered with a coating of soft loamy shale, which soon passes into 
clay on exposure to the atmosphere. This shale is almost wholly com- 
posed of calamitcs, ferns, sigiliaria, etc., indicating a profuse vegetation, 
which must have been covered by succeeding deposits in comparatively 
stagnant water. Above this shale there is a bed of dense blue clay, 22 
feet thick, containing fragments of cannel coal, etc., the debris of still 
higher strata. Eough rock- and grit-boulders, portions of encrinital lime- 
