210 
THE GEOLOGIST. 
but that they were brouglit to tlie same spot from arctic and tropical re- 
gions by the catastrophe wliich buried them in the Oolite formation, which 
was probably a universal deluge ? For arctic and tropical animals never 
could have lived together in the same climate. The association of the re- 
mains of arctic and tropical animals has also been observed in other places. 
In a cavern at Brixham, near Torquay, in a mass of loam or diluvium, 
15 feet in thickness, have been found the remains of the mammoth, the 
extinct rhinoceros, cave-lion, cave-bear, cave-hya?na, reindeer, a species of 
horse, of ox, and several Eodentia, besides other bones not yet determined. 
Speaking of similar geological fjicts, M. Cuvier remarks, that " the associ- 
ated remains of the glutton and the hy£Ena, the rhinoceros and the rein- 
deer, found in the same caverns, as we observe at Gaylenreuth and 
Brengues ; the bison and the elephant, in the same diluvium, as we find in 
the valley of the Arno, — certainly reveal either a state of the e£irth very 
different from what we now witness, or impl}^ in these animals a tempera- 
ment opposite to what their kindred species now display." The remains 
of the lion or tiger, the rhinoceros, the hyaena, elephant, elk and reindeer, 
and other animals, liave also been found in the quarries of Xostritz, in 
Upper Saxony. 
As the remains of arctic and tropical animals, whether found in caverns 
or on the surface of the earth, are almost always embedded in loam or di- 
luvium, wliich, according to Dr. Buckland, was deposited by a general 
deluge, it is far more rciisonable to suppose that, as I have already inti- 
mated, they were transported to their present situations by a general de- 
luge than that animals belonging now to such opposite climates should 
have formerly lived together in the same climate. 
I am, Sir, your obedient servant, 
Thos. D. Allex. 
Mectory, JS'orth Cerney^ Cirencester, April 21, 1863. 
[Kow could there be a fissure before the rock was consolidated? and are we to be- 
lic've that the elephants, etc., and men too, in those days, lived at the bottom of the 
sea, as they mnst be supposed to have done if we accept Mr. Allen's theory of the Port- 
land ossiferous fissures occurrin;; before the consolidation of the Portland Oolitic beds ? 
Fissures of .shrinkage may not, sometimes do not, extend to the top of a vertical section, 
any more than sand-pipes in a chalk-pit, which we know to be filled from above. The 
accompanying diagrams will show how a fissure may extend to the surface, and yet not 
be visible, in the fiice of a quarry or cliff occurs at Portland, and no doubt something 
of this kind has mystified Mr. Allen and his friends. — Ed. Geol.] 
Fig. 1 shows the vertical face of the quarry, with a fissure, a b, apparent covered by the 
solid beds 1, 2. Fig. 2 shows the same fissure in section passing diagonally through 
the beds to the surface. 
Suman Remains at Luton. 
Sir, — TVith respect to my letter of last month annoimcing the discovery 
of two human skeletons in the brick-earth at Luton, subsequent careful 
