308 
THE GEOLOGIST. 
with some fossil shells, by Mr. Bramall. That gentleman had forwarded 
him a section of the beds sunk through and the fossils found in them, just 
the kind of information which it is desirable for gentlemen to transmit to 
the Society. It is only by such information that we can hope to obtain a 
thorough knowledge of the drift deposits of Lancashire. He trusted that 
many other members would forward similar sections. The pit is near the 
Lancashire and Yorkshire railway, and the following beds were met with 
in sinking the shaft there : — 
yds. ft. in. 
Soil *0 1 6 
Marl 11 1 6 
Loam 5 0 0 
Wet Gravelly Clay .... 5 1 6 
Quicksand 7 0 0 
Gravelly Marl 1 0 0 
30 1 6 
At a depth of 25 yards from the surface, in the wet gravelly clay and the 
sand, the Turritella terebra, Fusus Bamjius, Nassa reticulata, Cardium 
edule, Tellina solidula, T. tenuis, and fragments of other shells were found. 
He did not know the level of the place above the sea, but he should not 
estimate it much above 200 feet ; and he had great pleasure in exhibiting 
to the meeting the beautiful and perfect shells which Mr. Bramall had 
been so kind as to send him. 
2. Mr. Binney presented two maps of the parish of Manchester, co- 
loured geologically by himself, — one showing the drift deposits, and the 
other the older stratified rocks found lying under such beds. They were 
made, in 1861, to illustrate a paper read by him before the Geological Sec- 
tion of the British Association. These maps he considered more as out- 
line than complete maps, but they would be useful to show what was 
known of the district prior to the visit of the Geological Survey. All the 
particulars, both as to the drift and the older rocks, had been previously 
communicated to the Society many years ago, except in some few instances, 
where fresh borings and excavations had since been made. 
In his paper entitled " Notes on the Lancashire and Cheshire Drift," 
read before the Society on the 23rd day of December, 1842, an abstract 
of which was printed in the Annual Iteport of the Society for 1843, he 
gave a classification of the beds into three divisions of lower sand and 
gravel, till or boulder clay, and upper gravels and sands, with occasional 
beds of till or boulder in them. Besides these three deposits, he described 
a fourth, in the gravels and sands found in the beds of the valleys and 
low lands adjoining rivers and brook courses, and evidently derived from 
the first-named deposits, such valley sands and gravels being formed 
during the erosion of the valleys through the three more ancient beds. 
With respect to the older rocks, he said that when he came into the 
district some twenty-five years ago, the local geologists always considered 
the four-feet coal of Bedford, Worsley, Bury Lane, and Pendleton, to be 
the same as the Bradford four-feet. 
In the sinking of Messrs. Knowles's shaft at Agecroft, the following 
section, kindly communicated by Mr. James Knowles, was met with : — 
vds. ft. in. 
Soil, Sand, Clay, and Soft Metal "l5 2 0 
Rock 11 2 0 
White Earth 1 2 0 
Coal 1 0 1 
