MISCELLANEOUS NOTICES. 
859 
niferoiis limestone ; while thirdly, multitudes of species are clearly repre- 
sentatives of European and American Carboniferous types," 
The other geological articles in the January number, are : — " Exposi- 
tion of the true nature of Fleurod'ictyum prohlematicnm,'" and "On Mr. 
Hall's genus Leptocfelia," by Carl Eominger, M.D. ; " On the Actoeonidae," 
by F. 13. Meek ; " On Tellurbismuth, from Dahlonega, Georgia," by D. M. 
Balch ; " On Octahedral Galena, from Lebanon County, Pennsylvania," 
by Dr. Torrey. 
Tlie March number opens with an able article by Mr. T. Sterry Hnnt, 
of the Canadian Survey, " Contributions to the Chemical and Geological 
History of Bitumens and of Pyroschists or Bituminous Shales." Some of 
the facts and deductions given in it have already appeared in Mr. Hunt's 
*' Notes on the History of Petroleum," printed in the ' Canadian Naturalist 
and Geologist ' for July, 1861, and in the report of the Smithsonian Insti- 
tution for 18G2. Previous to the publication of these papers, Mr. Hunt 
had, in March, 1861, in his lecture before the Board of Arts, maintained 
that the source of the Petroleum of tiie "West, was not as was generally 
thought. The May number we noticed at p. 276. 
The interesting town of Manilla has been overthrown, almost in a mo- 
ment, by an earthquake. Some accounts speak of the whole town being 
in ruins: others say that half tlie place has been destroyed. At all 
events, the Cathedral, the Eoyal Chapel, St. Domingo, St. Isabel, San 
Juan de Dios, the Palace, several schools, the militar}- hospital, the build- 
ings occupied by the Tribunal of Commerce, and indeed all the public 
buildings were razed to the ground ; and even those buildings which re- 
main are mostly so shaken that they must be pulled down. All the houses 
in Baracca fell. The Binonda, an ancient structure, was destroyed. The 
only church that has escaped entirely is San Augustin, which also with- 
stood the tremendous shock of 1645. An architect's report, after a minute 
investigation of the peculiarities of the design and construction of this 
edifice, would be an interesting and instructive one. The Bodrigues 
property, left to the British nation, and where the British Consulate 
was, has been completely destroyed. About 1000 persons have been 
killed, and many thousands wounded. The surviA'ors have mostly fled 
from the city, as many of the remaining buildings threaten a sudden fall, 
even though no repetition of earthquake should occur. The 3rd of June 
was the date of the catastrophe. 
Professor Whitney, the State geologist of California, is reported to 
have found on the Sierra Nevada, at about 200 feet above the sea, the 
jaw of a rhinoceros. 
EEYIEWS. 
The Mines of South Ausb-alia. 
Observing the growing importance of the mining interest in South Aus- 
tralia, and the evident want of general and correct information respecting 
its mineral resources, Mr. J. B. Austen, of Adelaide, conceived the idea of 
making a tour of all the mines in that colony, and of publishing the result 
of his observations. 
