220 
THE GEOLOGIST. 
the South Downs of Burton Hills, from the name of the parish Mr. Biddulph 
lives in.' 
" Extracts from Letter III. by a Rev. Clergyman to Peter Collinson, Esq., F.R.S. 
Bristol, Octol)er 23, 175G : — ' I had also forgot to tell you of a noble acmiisition. 
since my tour to Wales. A gentleman who was digging, upon a hill near Mendip, 
for ochre and ore, found at the depth of 52 fathoms, or SlSj feet (as lie measured 
himself by direct line), fom' teeth, not tusks, of a large elephant (which I think 
is the whole lunnber the creatiu-e has), and two thigh-ljones, with part of the 
head ; all extremely well preserved ; for they lay in a hed of ochre, which I could 
easily wash off. When they were brought to me, every crevice was tilled with the 
ochre, and as I washed it off from the outside, a most beantifid white surface 
appeared ; and they make a fine show in my cabinet. I propose going down into 
the j)it myself soon ; for the men have left several small pieces behind, which they 
did not think worth bruiging up, and I make no doubt, if that be the case, but I 
shall iirocure the whole, or great part of the animal. I have also, since I saw 
you, got part of an immensely large stag-horn, undoubtedly fossil, dug up ten 
miles from Bristol.' 
"Observations by Peter Collinson, Esq.— 'In England the teeth and bones 
of elephants have been often found fossil ; and yet it is allowed on all hands that 
so many elephants were never brought hither by men, as have been dug up. In 
particular, besides the above accounts, I had a large, grinder from Norfolk, which 
was found with other teeth and bones. From Mersey Island, in Essex, were sent 
me a large grinder and part of a thigh-bone ; these were found mth the entire 
skeleton, which was destroyed by the country people. Mr. John Luffkin, in the 
" Philosophical Transactions," No. 274, mentions bones and teeth of an elephant 
found near Harwich, in Essex. Mr. Somner, in No. 272, mentions an elephant 
found at Chartham, near Canterbury ; the teeth were all grinders, four in number. 
Dr. Woodward mentions two large tusks of an elephant, foimd at Bowden Parva, 
in Northamptonshire. He had besides several pieces of elephants' teeth, dug up 
in a gravel-pit at Islington. Unless we allow Dr. Woodward's h,y]3othesis of the 
deluge, it is difhcult to conceive how the teeth, bones, &c. of this vast animal 
come to be found so frequently in this island. The Romans were the only people 
who could bring any to intimidate the Britons in their wars ; but we have not the 
lea.st account of any such thing.' 
" Kettering, N^orthamptonshire. — ' Here we discovered a tooth, vertebra, 
and jaw-bone of some animal of an enormous size, and of a species different from 
any creature that is now bred and supported in our climate ; these, with the 
thigh-bone of a beast of more moderate size, were found in the aforesaid gravel-pit, 
at the depth of about seven feet, in places which had never before been opened, &c.' 
—Gent. Mag. 1757, p. 21. 
" The following I met with in the ' History of the County Palatine of Durham,' 
Mackenzie and Ross. At Maineforth, a hamlet three miles N.W. of Sedgefield, 
' about the year 1740, the horns of a moose-deer were dug out of a pond here, one 
of which is presei'ved, measuring from root to tip three feet eight inches, and ten 
inches in circumference above the root ; the greatest breadth fourteen inches. 
Several of the branches are evidently broken off.' — I am, dear Sir, Yours truly, 
F.S.A." 
Clinometers. — Observer asks what is the best form of Clinometer, and 
where such instruments are to be obtained 1 — A useful fonn of Clinometer is a 
little square box-compass, having a pendulum attached to the axis, so that when 
the Viox is opened and set on edge, the pendulum swings against the graduated 
card. A little spirit-level can easily be fixed in one edge of the box ; and brass 
sights can be also added. Such an apparatus is prepared by Knight, Foster Lane ; 
and probably can be procured also at Fenn's and Buck's, Newgate Street, and 
Marryatt's, King William Street. 
