438 
THE GEOLOGIST. 
RECENT SPECIES. 
Jfhi iifiln Tin 7/6 r/>i'i*ii at 
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GrctXt liorse-slioc but 
JVC 
t-U llCll-ll lit 
r\fi}'P V 1/ 1 ////)' I C 
KjUl ('.t- Vtlt/UtH Co 
Olll W 
J\(; 
JU I fcr.S t (CI Uo 
AC 
T) 
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J7 ((f Ui 1(1 fi V((l (i(t 1 Iti 
I'olcCiXt 
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utoriHS €)'Hliil€HS 
JVC 
I) 
a 
Canis htpfis 
Wolf 
Kc 
0 Ki 
Vfilpes rnUjarh 
Kc 
0 
Fells Catus 
Wild cat 
Kc 
Arvicola amphihia 
Water-vole 
Kc 
B 
0?Ki 
Arvicola agrcstis 
Ficld-vole 
Kc 
Ki 
Arvicola prafensts 
Bank-vole 
Ke 
Lepus vanabilis 
Norway hare 
Ke 
Ki 
Lepics cnniculns 
Rabbit 
Kc 
B 
Ki 
Cervns elephus 
Red deer 
Ke 
Ki 
Cercns tammlm 
Reiu-deer 
B 
Cerous capreolus 
Roe deer 
Devon 
In the above list, initials are appended to the names for the pnrpose of 
showing in what caverns the fossils are rccoi'dcd to have been found, thus : Kc, 
Kent's Hole, Torquay; B, Berry Head, Ash Hole; O, Oreston; Ki, Kirk- 
dale ; G, Gower ; M, The Mendip eaves ; and D, the caves on Durdham 
Down, near Bristol. 
In all there are thirty-three species, of vrhich seventeen are peculiar to the 
Devonshire-caves. Of these tlurty-three, seventeen are extinct, and sixteen 
still exist, a few of the latter being locally extinct. Three additional species 
have been fo\ind in other British caves, but no traces of them seem, hitherto, 
to have been met with in Devonshne, namely, the eonnnon mouse, Mtis mus- 
culus, found in the Kirkdale-cavern ; the wild hog, Siis scrofa, fomid in the 
caves of the Mendip-hills ; and the fallow deer, Cervus dama, found, according 
to some authorities, in the caves at Kirkdale and Paviland. 
Of the Devonshire caverns, Kent's Hole has yielded by far the greatest 
number and variety of specimens, no fewer than twenty-five, perhaps twenty- 
seven species have been disinterred from that celebrated mausoleum. Next to it 
stand the Oreston caves, or lissures, where have been exhumed fourteen, or 
perhaps sixteen species. I find two species, Cerous Bnclclandi and Cervus 
capreolus, assigned to Devonshire, without the cavern in which they were found 
being named. Hence nineteen or seventeen, as the ease may be, of the Devon- 
shire list are unrepresented in the Oreston series. Two of these, the shrew 
and the polecat, have been found in a raised beach at Plymouth, about a mile 
from Oreston. 
Some little doubt exists respecting two of the species which some authors 
assign to Oreston, namely the stoat, or weazel, and the water-vole, as will ap- 
pear from the following passage in Professor Owen's " British Fossil Mam- 
malia." " Further evidence of the antiquity of the weasel is adduced by Dr. 
Buckland, on the authority of Mr. Clift, from marks of nibbling by the incisor- 
and canine -teeth of a small quadruped of the size of a weasel on the idiia of a 
wolf and the tibia of a horse found fossil in one of the caves at Oreston ; and 
the author of the " Reliqua; DUuviana?" observes, with Jiis usual acumen, that 
the weasel's teeth must liave made their imi)ressious on the bones of the wolf 
