NOTES AND QUEKIES. 
495 
Tlicy were found in a compact blue clay about twenty feet from the surface, and 
arc lu excellent preservation. These are now in my possession. Each iiora lias 
seven antlers, and the following are tlie dimensions — viz., length of horu three 
feet ten inches ; length of (Ju; bottom antlers t-hii'l-eeu inches ; widt h between tiie 
top of tlie liorns three feet two inches ; circumference of the horn nine inclies ; 
circumference of the bottom antlers five ijichcs ; width between the top antlers 
on each horu llftceu inches ; width of the skull eight inchc^s ; weight of the horns 
twelve and a-half pounds. If either you or any of your readers can give any 
information rcspectmg them or the aninud to which they belonged, it will much 
oblige yours, &c., Wm. Gordon, Gatehouse. 
Coal at Muiiree on Punjab Railway. — A few weeks ago a " Report," 
accompanied by a number of illustrative geological plans and sections, was for- 
warded to the Government from tiic Punjab Railway, upon the discovery of coal 
and iron at Duutelle and Mohara, by Mr. Calvert, C.E. and F.G.S., one of the 
Slalf, -^rho brought down large blocks of coal from thence. But, it is said, the 
mountainous character of the district, and its being within the dominion of 
the Maharaja of Cashmere, who asked an exhorbitant " Jloyalty," or tax 
on it, induced the company to abandon further search, although Air. Calvert 
entertained opinion of a successful result. — " Lahore Chronicle," Sept, 
10, 1859. 
Pitted Surface of Magnesian Limestone. — Sir, — I have just returned 
from a visit to Roche Abbey, in this county (Yorkshire), and as I usually 
examine the rocks and quarries whenever I have an opportunity wherever I go, 
I was much sur])rised to ilnd the beds in that locality, which I think are mostly 
magnesian limestone, marked by indentations in layers every two or tliree feet 
by what appeared to be rain-di'ops. I had often read of such markings in some 
localities, out hitherto had never met with them. I at first thought it might 
be the effect of crystallization, but had this been the case, it would have per- 
vaded the whole mass of rock, whereas it M'as only in layers. If I am right in 
attributing it to rain-drops, the limestone must have been in a state of soft mud 
at the time, and exposed to the surface, for the markings are so deep and abun- 
dant as to form a very striking feature, and large slabs of five or ten feet 
square, or ))erhaps fifty or sixty might be had. I have frequently sought for 
fossils LU this Hmcstoue, and abnost in vain ; but I felt much interest in this 
phenomenon. I enclose you a small piece for your inspection. — G.W., Wakefield. 
— The rougldy-pitted surface of the limestone alluded to is due to weaf heriug, 
or to the percolatiou of water between layers of the rock. Many limestones 
and marbles exhibit surfaces more or less fretted or eaten into in this way ; and 
the mesh-like arrangement of the cavities is perhaps due to the destructive 
agency of water removing some softer atoms at diti'ereut spots, each of which 
latter becomes a centre of further chemical operations, and is separated from 
the neighbouring pits by less destroyed ridges. 
Anthracite and Iron. — Sir, — Taking advantage of the monthly "Notes 
and Queries" in the " Geologist," I beg to trouble you with the two following 
questions. 
Eirst : In reading lately a geological work on Coal, the author, after stating 
its vegetable origin and describing the various kiuds of coal, mentioned Anthra- 
cite, which I suppose means Caunel-coal, and stated that Anthracite was black- 
coal buried deeper in the earth, was more miueralized, and, in consequence of 
its contiguity to some volcanic rock, had lost its pitch. If this be the origin 
of Canuel-coal it does not seem to solve my question ; for here we have, at one 
hiuidred and twenty yards from the surface a bed of two feet of good " house- 
coal, eightecn-inehes of dirt, then a foot of " engine -coal ;" forty yards higher a 
bed of good "house-coal" twenty -six inches thick ; twelve yards higher 
" eugiue-coal," eighteen inches thick ; diil six. inches ; " drossy"-coal three 
