6 
THE GEOLOGIST. 
our intentions being, besides collecting fossils, to trace, if possible, 
some positive connection, or otherwise, between these reputed Upper 
Cretaceous Sponge-gravels and the acknowledged Lower Greenland 
deposits of Furze Hill and Badbury Hill. 
Taking up our quarters at Farringdon, we first visited the Sponge- 
gravel pit near the AVindmill public-house at Little Coxwell, where 
we found a splendid section of the gravel exposed (see section 4), and 
in a few hours had collected a good supply of fossils ; — dip of beds E. 
by N. 10°, resting, in part at least, upon Kimmeridge clay. jSText 
day we went to Furze Hill, and found near the top of the hill the 
ironstone concretions described bv Mr. Godwin-Austen (Quar. Journ. 
Geol. Soc, vol. vi. p. 456), containing numerous fossils, all of them, 
1 believe, of Lower Greensand age. These concretions, for the most 
part, lie scattered about on or near the surface. In one place, how- 
ever, we found a small section exposed, where the concretions oc- 
curred in position, imbedded in light-coloured sand. About fifteen 
feet lower down the hill, we found the same light-coloured sand, 
alternating with cla}^ in thin layers, without concretions, and appa- 
rently unfossiliferous. 
In returning towards Farringdon hj a pathway across some fields, 
and when about a mile east of Little Coxwell, we came to a gravel- 
pit of large size, the gravel of which struck us at once as being un- 
like that of the Windmill pit, the colour being very much darker, 
and the composition of the beds somewhat different. And here we 
presently observed an interesting fact, which seems to have hitherto 
escaped notice, viz. that this dark-coloured gravel (uhich, from its 
appearance, I shall call " red-gravel") rests iinconformahli/ ttpon the 
light-coloured " Sponge-gravel " of the AVindmill pit, — the Sponge- 
gravel, as before observed, dipping E. by N., the lied-gravel W. by S. 
at a slight angle, the line between the two beds being sharply de- 
fined. The section exposed in the deepest part of the pit gave a 
thickness of about twenty feet to the Ked-gravel, with the addition 
of six feet of Sponge-gravel (visible) beneath (see section 3). The 
composition of the Eed-gravel we found to differ from that of the 
Sponge-gravel, in the scarcity of Sponges and the greater comparative 
abundance of Bryozoa. 
As this pit (which, for distinction, I shall call East pit) is scarcely 
half a mile distant from the Windmill pit, both of them being on 
much the same level, — occupying, in fact, opposite sides of a flattened 
ridge of ground which extends from Furze Hill towards Farringdon, 
— a cross section between the two pits must be somewhat as is shown 
in the section, PI. I. Fig. 1 : — 
Our next excursion was to Badbury Hill. In a small pit near 
the roadside, on the west slope of the hill, and at about fifty feet from 
the top, we found a section exposed, which was to me by far the 
most interesting one I had yet seen. This section w;is as follows : — 
+ Light-coloured and ferruginous sand, with slabs and fragments of 
chert, apparently the. de'bris of higher beds . . . . . . 14 feet. 
