PEOCEEDIIJGS OF GEOLOGICAL SOCIETIES. 141 
classification he adopted in two papers — one on the Drift of Manchester, 
and the other on the same deposits at Blackpool — printed in vols. viii. and x. 
of the Society's Memoirs, as well as in a paper printed in the Manchester 
Geological Society's Transactions for June, 1862. 
Mr. Hull, in his communication, read at the last meeting of the Society, 
divided the higher dritt deposits into (in descending order) : — " (1) Upper 
Boulder Clay ; (2) Middle Sand and Gravel ; and (3) Lower Boulder Clay. 
The !Xos. 2 and 3 had been described by the President as also a lower bed of 
sand and gravel, of whose existence he (Mr. Hull) had considerable doubts, 
and considered it as merely accidental." Jsow, in his (the President's) 
paper on the Drift of Manchester, eleven sections of wells and bores are 
given, and in ten of those the lower sand and gravel had been met with; thus 
showing that it can scarcely be considered as merely accidental, as Mr. Hull 
states. In many other sections since examined in Lancashire, this deposit 
has also been found under the till. AVith regard to the upper bed of boulder 
clay, to which the President had alluded, Mr. Hull considered it to be 
quite as important as the lower, both in thickness and area. 
Ihe old term " till " is as good as that of boulder clay, and as it has been 
long used there is not much use in changing it. During the last twenty 
years he had collected many fticts, which he intended to publish when he 
had completed his collection, but these did not show one bed of clay or 
marl which could be called upper boulder clay, but several ; in fact, there 
were numerous intercalations of it in the sand and gravel, one of which he 
had seen occurring at Kersall Moor, entirely surrounded by sand. To 
show the complexity of these deposits, and the difficulty of reducing them 
to two, he gave two sections, one near Hyde and the other at Outwood, 
where the following strata were met with : — 
HYDE. OUTWOOD. 
Feet in. 
Feet 
in. 
Clav 
11 
0 
.... 11 
0 
2 
6 
3 
22 
6 
Buck loaf marl . . 
.... 31 
2 
2 
6 
Red saud and gravel 
with a yard 
12 
6 
.... 15 
0 
19 
0 
.... 32 
3 
9 
0 
.... 3 
0 
6 
0 
Coal-measures 
3 
0 
145 
8 
7 
6 
3 
0 
Clay and loam 
15 
6 
Gravel and soft metal containing 
10 
0 
Coal-measures 
124 
0 
From the position of the Outwood section in a slight depression, and the 
higher grounds adjoining being capped with a bed of clay containing peb- 
bles eight or ten feet in thickness, another deposit of clay should be placed 
on its top. Thus, in one case there are six beds of boulder clay, and in 
the other only three. These are two of the many instances which could be 
adduced, and suggest caution in attempting to classify these deposits with- 
out collecting and consulting numerous sections. 
Manchester Geological Society. — January 19. — Mr. Dickinson, 
one of her Majesty's Inspectors of Mines, read a paper on " Modern and 
