MoUusca of Lake Biwa. 
49 
occur in Africa or South America. Both the species to be considered here belong 
to Simpson's " Group of A . woodiana" (op. cit., p. 637), which is confined to Tonkin, 
China and Japan. 
Anodonta woodiana (Lea). 
(PI. Ill, figs, ga, gb.) 
1900. Anodonla woodiana, Simpson, op. cit., p. 637. 
This .species has an extensive synonomy (see Simpson). I am doubtful whether 
the specimen referred to it by Kobelt {op. cit., pi. xx, fig. i) really belongs to it and 
Simpson {op. cit., p. 630) is not convinced that it occurs in Japan; but I have a 
specimen from Seta at the south-east of Lake Biwa that is only distinguished from 
Chinese examples from the Tai-Hu b}^ the darker shade of its epidermis and of the 
margin of the inner surface. A valve of this specimen is figured on plate III. It 
was taken with examples of A . calipygos and differs from Kobelt' s figure in being 
relatively broader, shorter and more tumid, and in having the anterior margin shorter 
and the posterior part of the shell more produced. 
A. woodiana is widely distributed in China, Cambodia and Siam. Possibly it also 
occurs in the Amur region, but it appears to be mainly a southern form. 
Anodonta calipygos, Kobelt. 
1879. Anodonta calipygos, Kobelt, op. cit., p. 435, pi. xix, fig. i. 
1900. Anodonta calipygos, Simpson, op. cit., p. 641. 
This is the common Anodonta of Lake Biwa. I took specimens at Seta and off 
Komatsu, at both places in shallow water. It is, I believe, common at Hikone in 
ditches at the fishery station and is used there for feeding fish; but I have not 
examined specimens at all closely from that locality. 
The species is only known from Japan, but the locality of the type-specimen is 
not stated precisely. 
Genus Lanceolaria, Conrad. 
1900. Lanceolaria (section of Nodularia). Simpson, op. cit., p. 806. 
iqii. Lanceolaria, Haas, Die Unioniden in Chemnitz, Syst. Conch-Cab. (new edition) IX, ii 
(2), p. 43 
This genus is peculiar to Tonkin, China, the Amur region and Japan. Two spe- 
cies occur in Japan, both of which are represented in my collection from Lake Biwa. 
Lanceolaria bilirata (v. Martens). 
1911. Lanceolaria bilirata, Haas, op. cit., p. 55, pi. iv, figs. 3-5. 
The species was originally described from Tonkin, but Haas has figured a shell 
from Japan. I did not distinguish it from L. oxyrhyncha while at Lake Biwa, but 
subsequently found several specimens in my collection. One was taken in the chan- 
nel east of Oki-no-shima on a muddy bottom of from 2 to 4 fathoms. 
