Polyzoa Entoprocta and Ctenostomata. 29 
we accept Carter's somewhat inconclusive record.' Personally I am of the opinion 
that this record refers to a species of Victorella. 
Paludicella elongata, Leidy. 
(PI. I, fig. 4.) 
1852. Paludicella elongata, Leidy, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia V, p. 321, pi. — , figs, i, 2, 
Specimens in my collection from China agree precisely with Leidy's figures, 
which, however, show only the outlines of zooecia. The species differs from P. 
ariiculata in the following characters : — 
1. The ectocyst is colourless and very thin, liable to collapse in spirit. 
2. The proximal part of the zooecia is much elongated and attenuated, while 
the distal part, as viewed in profile, is not much deeper than the proximal; 
the orificial tubule is relatively short. 
3. Young buds reach the full length of an adult zooecium and assume a some- 
what clavate form before the orifice is developed. 
4. The whole of the alimentary canal is stouter than in the common European 
form, the stomach in particular being much larger; when fully developed, 
the phyloric part has a broadly elliptical form. 
The last of these differences I consider the most important. It becomes very 
clear if fig. 4 on pi. i be compared with the figures already published by AUman,^ 
Kraepelin,* Hancock"* or myself.^ In young polypides the 
stomach is more slender than in those that are fully adult 
and the main or pyloric portion is slightly contracted 
in the middle and somewhat pointed at the free extremity, 
but even in such polypides the organ is relatively more 
bulky than in European specimens. 
The only examples of P. elongata I have seen were grow- 
ing, with the Hydroid Cordylophora lacustris, on the roots 
of a willow, on shells of Modiola lacustris attached to them 
in large numbers, and on living shells of a Unionid mollusc 
{Anodonta woodiana). In these specimens there is no trace 
of vertical branches, but in the colonies on roots many 
of the zooecia are free and floated loosely in the water 
In December none of the zooecia contained mature gonads, 
though immature testis and ovary were found in one. 
They occupied the same position as in P. articulata. A 
single free resting-bud was observed. It was flattened and 
polygonal and had a thinner shell than is usual in P. 
articulata. 
Fig. 5. — Paludicella elongata. 
Part of a colony, x 16. 
1 Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. Ill (3), p. 333 (i859)- ^ ^o^^- Fresh-Water Polyzoa, pi, x (1856). 
3 Deutsch. Susswasscrhryozoen I, pi. iii, fig. 104 (1887). •* Ann. Nat. Hist. V (2), pi. iv(i850). 
b Rec. Ind. Mus. VI, pi. xii, fig. i (1911). 
