— u — 
the Gizeh Muséum four years ago by M. Maspero in the présence 
o£ Sir Frederick Trêves we have an example o£ the same kind 
of packing o£ the legs, back, arms and neck with earth or nuid, 
which is interesting because this girl is described as being " a 
contemporary o£ the last Ramses o£ the 20th dynasty. " ïhis 
indicates that the peculiar practice commenced in the 20th dynasty; 
but as none of the royal mummies o£ this time were stuffed in 
this way it nuist have been quite late in the dynasty when it was 
begun. The fact that I have not been able to find any such 
packing in mummies of the later dynasties (i. e. after the 22nd) 
does not exclude the possibility that the practise Avas still in 
vogue, because most of thèse later mummies were completely 
disintegrated, nothing but bones and an abundant qiiantity of 
brown powder being found inside the wrappings ; in the later 
Ptolemaic and Roman mummies the molten pitch has destroyed 
and permeated ail the wrappings, flesh and bones, in such a manner 
that it is difficult to obtain any évidence as to the exact manner 
in which the embalmers practised the détails of their art. 
In several mummies of the oOth dynasty and of the Graeco- 
Roman period that I have examined there had certainly been no 
packing. 
In his memoir to which I have aiready referred M. Fouquet 
says that the practice of hourrcKje was not in vogue in the 23rd 
dynasty, as the mummies of the family Sen Notems exhumed by 
M. Maspero in 1885 show. Nor was there any question of it 
being employed in the 26th dynasty [op. cit. supra, p. 95) ; 
yet M. Fouquet, without noticing the discrepancy, quotes an 
account of such practices from the Rhind papyrus in référence to 
mummification in the time of Ptolemy Philopator (p. 91), three 
hundred years after the 26th dynasty. 
The Rhind papyrus which seems to refer to this practice has 
been translated by several philologists: but I need refer to only 
