— 17 — 
is then covered over by a plate, usually o£ wax but sometimes o£ 
bronze, bearing the conventional design o£ the eye or Uta (Pl. 
XIX, figure 3). In Plate X figure 1 the lower hall of a wax 
plate is shown in situ. Great variety is shown in the quality of 
the wax and the care Avith Avhich the pattern is wrought upon it. 
In some cases the gaping wound is not protected by a plate o£ 
any sort ; and in two cases the edges were brought together and 
kept in position by a running ligature (Pl. XY, figure 1). 
When the incision was niade the body cavity was opened and 
the intestines, liver, spleen, kidneys, stomach and pelvic viscera 
completely removed along with niost o£ the vessels : the diaph- 
ragm was then opened and the lungs removed, the bronchi or in 
other cases the lower end o£ the trachea being eut through to £ree 
the lungs. In ail cases the lieart Is left in the thorax attached to 
the great blood vessels (vide Pl. IV and Pl. XIV, figure 3). This 
striking confirmation of the statement of Diodorus, has not, so far 
as I am aware, been recognised hitherto : on the other hand I have 
never seen the kidneys left in position as the same writer has 
affirmed. In some cases the bladder has been left in the pelvis. 
In most cases only the arch and a small part of the rest of the 
aorta are left ; but in one case I have seen the whole aorta and 
iliac arteries persisting. The heart is never left exactly in its 
normal position. In most cases it has been pushed upward into 
the upper part of the right side of the thorax : in other cases it is 
left in the middle line in front of the vertébral column : and in 
other cases again it is found in the left side of the chest. When 
it is remembered that ail the manipulations of the contents of the 
body were done through the wound in the left flank it is easy to 
understand thèse displacements. 
When the viscera had been removed both the body itself and 
the organs taken froni it must have been put into a saline bath, 
such as Herodotus has described. The varions tissues of the body 
3 
