On a Bone Cave at Lower Warhuvton. 369 
congregated in heaps, so that a spadeful could easily be 
obtained without the slightest admixture of earth or foreign 
matter We were rewarded by the discovery 
of an inner cave on a level with the entrance of the first. 
This cave was of small dimensions, and had, before the 
deposition of the bony debris (?) been closed by a detached 
piece of rock from above. In this small chamber we could 
find no traces of bones — a slight unctuous slime covered its 
floor, stuck full of Buccinum, 3Iytilus, and Patella. The only 
indications of humanity discovered in the bony debris was 
a vertebral bone of an ox, which bore evident traces of being- 
sawn or ground flat ; also an amulet, formed rudely from the 
leg-bone of an ox." 
At the meeting of the British Association in Aberdeen in 
1859, the late Mr William Beattie of Montrose read a short 
notice of the Warburton Cave, from which I extract the fol - 
lowing statements : — "The entrance to the cave," Mr Beattie 
says, " is through a hard compact rock of trap, and measures 
12 feet wide by 5 feet high. On entering, the cavity suddenly 
widens out to 20 feet, with a height varying from 20 to 30 
feet — the whole having been crammed to the roof with a 
deposit of fine, dark, loamy soil, containing a variety of 
organic remains. The bottom or floor consisted of round 
stones or sea-beach ; in some places mixed or covered with 
stalagmitic concretion several inches thick. The lowest 
stratum, 3 feet deep, was composed of dark loam, with ad- 
mixture of decayed shells, principally of 31yt{lus edtdis. 
Above this, extending round the cave, was a remarkable layer 
of Patella vulgata, varying from one to three feet deep, all 
in the finest state of preservation and of a large size, many 
of them measuring two inches across. This extraordinary 
eposit of shells contained no admixture of sand or earthy 
atter, but lay pure and clean, as if hea/ped together ?>// 
luman agency. A few examples of Turbo littorea were since 
icked up. About eight feet from the floor we found a 
tratum of decayed animal matter, about a foot deep, with 
layer of bones extending throughout the whole width of 
he cave. The teeth and bones were discovered in this 
VOL. III. 3 B 
