THE YOUNG SCIENTIST. 
163 
is formed by several thicknesses of writing 
paper laid together. Mark over the surface of 
this tracing paper with a very soft lead pencil, 
so as to cover it completely with the pencil 
lines, with the exception of a small margin 
around the edges. With a small piece of wash 
leather or chamois skin, rub over the penciling 
so as to blend the lines, but not hard enough to 
rub off the lead. This prepared tracing paper 
is the transfer sheet. 
Lay the tracing oa the paper on which the 
copy is to be produced, and mark where the 
corners of the tracing come, so that it may be 
again placed in the same position. The trans- 
fer sheet must now be laid on the paper, inside 
of the marked corners, and with its penciled 
side down. The tracing can then be laid in its 
proper position, and fastened temporarily with 
pins or thumb tacks. With a sharp-pointed, 
very hard pencil, go over the lines of the 
tracing, using a moderate pressure, and being 
careful that no lines are missed. On removing 
The Shoulder and Collar Wedg^ed 
Spliced Joint. 
For permanent, or glued up and tied joints, 
this splice appears to be first-rate where the 
cane or wood is of sufiSaieat thickness to allow 
such a joint to be made. The spliced rod is 
shown in the accompanying sketch; also the 
wedges fo" the hole, A. The ends of the 
wedges are to be cut ofif when the splice is 
firmly wedged. If the splice is to be glued up 
as a permanent one, it must be closely tied 
with waxed silk or fine thread, and varnished. 
If used as a movable one by the riverside, a 
slightly tapered ferrule must embrace the rod 
from B to C, fully covering each end of the 
joint. This splice, also, might be used in the 
joints of a rod not permanently glued up and 
tied (all being secured by a sliding ferrule), if 
the tracing and transfer sheet, a copy of the 
tracing will be found on the paper. 
The copy thus obtained can be used as a 
ground work, and can be reinforced as much 
as the draughtsman may wish. 
This method of transferring is better than 
that with the ordinary manifold paper, es- 
pecially if it is desired to work over the copy 
with India ink, because the lines being the 
same as ordinary pencil lines, do not interfere 
with the fl.owing of the ink, and they can be 
easily erased, while the ordinary manifold paper 
being prepared with lard or oil, leaves an oily 
line which prevents the ink from adhering to 
the paper. 
In many cases the drawing which it is de- 
sired to copy can be used instead of the 
tracing. The transfer sheet, being black on 
one side only, does not soil the back of the 
drawing. 
The transfer sheet can be used a number of 
times, and if the lines grow dim it can be pen- 
ciled over again. 
the fisherman chose to be at the trouble of 
punching out the wedges at the end of a day's 
fishing. Metal wedges might be advantageously 
used, if properly made of true exactness to fit 
the square hole in the centre of the splice. — 
Exchange. 
Fire-Proof Dresses. 
At this season, when tableaux, private the- 
atricals and similar entertainments, bring to- 
gether light dresses and bright lights, it may 
be useful to know how to render even the 
most gauze-like dress perfectly uninflammable. 
By the use of the means now at the command 
of science, many a valuable life might be saved. 
Some years ago Queen Victoria appointed a 
commission to investigate this subject. It was 
found that there were but four salts which were 
applicable to light fabrics: 1, Phosphate of 
ammonia; 2, a mixture of phosphate of am- 
monia and chloride of ammonia; 3, sulphate of 
ammonia; 4, tungstate of soda. Of these, the 
,best was tungstate of soda, a salt which is not 
