80 
THE YOUNG SCIENTIST. 
kept in aquaria, the rock work should ex- 
tend well above the surface of the water, 
and in that part of the tank that receives 
the most sunlight, so that they can rest 
and bask at their pleasure. The best food 
for turtles is plenty of lean beef. A good 
way is to hang a small piece in one corner 
of the tank so that they can help them- 
selves ; if well fed they will not molest the 
fish. 
A Home-Made Bouquet Holder. 
THE pretty little bouquet holder which 
we have figured in the accompanying 
engraving, is made out of very common 
materials, and requires no great skill nor 
any elaborate tools. The holder itself is 
merely one of those glass balls which 
marksmen employ for shooting at, and 
the base is a wooden cup, which any smart 
boy that has one of the common little 
cheap lathes will find no difficulty in 
making. A sound piece of beech or 
maple, large enough to make the base, 
should be screwed on to the spindle of the 
BOUQUET HOLDEE. 
lathe and roughly turned up to shape. 
The cup is then turned out and finished 
smoothly inside, after which the outside 
is turned to the exact size and carefully 
finished and polished. The polishing is 
done in the lathe, and is quite easy, as the 
high speed that we can give to the wood 
makes it polish very easily. A little good 
shellac varnish is the best material. 
The mouth of the holder is also turned 
out of wood, or it may be fashioned out of 
sealing wax. If the ball be gradually 
heated until it is warm enough to melt 
the wax, the latter will adhere quite firmly, 
and may be easily moulded by the fingers 
into any shape. 
If the upper edge of the wooden cup is 
scalloped, as shown in the figure, its ap- 
pearance is greatly improved. The seal- 
loping is readily done by means of a pen- 
knife. While the cup is in the lathe, 
make a very light mark on the inside, and 
as far from the edge as the scallops are to 
be deep. Then mark the scallops out 
carefully with a pencil, and cut them with 
a penknife. The edge may be finished 
with a fine file and the very finest sand- 
paper. 
Glass Engraving. 
BY A. G. M'KEAN. 
ONE of the most interesting and useful 
operations with the foot lathe, is that 
of engraving on glass. The tools required, 
beside the lathe, are few and inexpensive, 
comprising several sizes of copper wheels, 
from 1-32 inch to 1-2 inch in thickness, 
and from 1-8 inch to 3 inches in diameter. 
A great variety of work may be done with 
these sizes, but the larger the assortment 
the better. . They should be attached to 
the lathe spindles in any convenient man- 
ner, but it is best to attach the larger sizes 
by means of a screw thread, and the 
smaller sizes by means of a chuck. 
The periphery of some of the wheels 
may be beveled, some rounded, and some 
made square across. 
When all is ready, apply some fiour of 
emery, mixed with a little olive oil, to the 
periphery of the wheel, and at the same 
time revolve it slowly. Now bring the 
glass in contact with the wheel, when it 
will be found to cut. Should the wheel 
cease to cut, apply more of the oil and 
emery. 
In engraving letters, the letter to be en- 
graved should be laid on the glass with a 
mixture of gum-water and whiting, by 
means of a pen or camels-hair brush. 
The amateur must learn, by experience, 
which wheels to use, the larger ones being 
used for straight lines and large curves, 
and the smaller ones for small curves. 
It will surprise the amateur how quickly 
