THE YOUNG SCIENTIST. 
133 
The work-bench* was now completed 
with the exception of a stopper" in 
front, on the top. This was soon got 
over, however, for a mortise one and a 
half inches square was put through the 
top plank, just alongside of the front 
Fig 
cross-piece, and a piece of dr3r hard wood, 
Uxlk inches, and six inches long, was 
driven into the mortise, with the top end 
left above the surface just a little mite. 
It is so arranged that it can be driven 
down or up, at will. The opposite side of 
the bench was also furnished with a 
screw and "stopper," and holes were 
bored in the side so as to receive a peg, 
same as the side described. Mr. Carpen- 
ter thought it would be as well to finish 
both sides of the bench alike, so that the 
two boys, or himself and one boy, could 
work on it together. 
The bench was now placed in position 
on the floor, and as there was a window 
opposite to each end, it was arranged so 
as to suit the light. 
"Now, EUwood," said Mr. Carpenter, 
"bring the planes from the house, and 
put them on the bench." 
The planes were forthcoming at once, 
and consisted of a smoothing plane, a 
* Fig. 7 shows the work-bench when finished. 
(7 is the iaw; P, the screw : the lever by which 
the screw is operated ; B shows the slide ; 8 the 
stopper. The dotted lines running across the 
top of the bench and down the side, show the po- 
sitions of cross pieces. The side pieces are well 
nailed on to these cross pieces. The dotted lines 
running lengthwise show the joints of the plank- 
ing that form the top. This planking is well 
nailed on to the cross pieces. On each end of the 
bench a board is "cut" in between the side 
pieces and nailed ; these form shelves, as shown 
at 0, and are very convenient for planes, squares, 
or other tools. The bench should stand firm on 
the floor, and should be solid and " out of wind," 
or not twisted on the top. 
jack plane, a fore plane, and a jointer. 
The bodies of these planes were made of 
good dry beech wood, for Mr. Carpenter 
wisely thought it would be better to pro- 
vide the boys with wooden than iron 
planes, as the former would stand more 
Fig. 9. 
planes had better not be used until they 
had been well oiled all over with raw 
linseed oil, two or three times, and to 
* Fig. 8 shows the smoothing plane. It should 
be from 7 to 9 inches long, and have an iron from 
2 to 2}4 inches wide. 
Fig. 9 is the jack plane. This should be from i« 
to 18 inches long, and should have an iron from 
2 to 2)4 inches wide. 
Fig. 10 shows the fore plane, which is from 20 to 
22 inches in length, with an iron from to 2>a 
inches wide. 
Fig. 11 shows the long jointer. This plane is 
made from 24 to 30 inches in length, and is only 
intended to be used for the most exact work, It 
requires more care than any of the bench planes, 
owing to its great length. To do good work, it 
requires to be perfectly straight and out of wind, 
and when not in use it should be put in a dry flat 
place, face downwards. S shows the " starter" on 
each plane. It is formed of metal or hard wood, 
and is let into the plane about half an inch. 
