THE YOUNG SCIENTIST. 
65 
and perfect or the work will look slovenly 
finished. The raised parts of the example 
before us stand out in relief about one- 
eighth of an inch, and must be finished 
Fig. 2. 
smoothly on the edges. The dotted work 
is formed by a series of little punches, a 
number of which are shown at Fig. 3, each 
X >x<o 
A n ^ ^ 
1 
Fig. 3. 
pattern of which may be obtained at any 
well furnished hardware store for al)out 
twenty-five cents. No. 1 is the pattern 
required for the example. 
To line off the raised work, take the V 
or parting tool, hold it in your right hand 
at a proper cutting angle, put your left 
wrist on the wood to be operated on, pass 
your hand over the steel, the thumb 
underneath, and the tips of the fingers 
resting on the work. This will give you 
perfect command of the tool ; will prevent 
its slipping forward ; enable you to guide 
it round the curves, and the thumb being 
under the tool, you can grasp it at any 
moment with the whole hand. Be careful 
and do not cut in too deep with this tool. 
When the pattern is well marked in the 
block wath this tool, then the flat chisel 
may be used to advantage. In punching, 
be careful and strike short sharp strokes 
on the punch with a hammer, and in such 
a manner that each blow will have a like 
effect with all others on the same work. 
Turn the punch after each blow, so as not 
to give the grounding a liney or uniform . 
appearance ; and one more caution, if 
you see that the punch raises little chips 
of wood, try the other way of the grain, or 
turn the punch so that it will not raise 
the chips. A little practice with these 
punches will soon enable the operator to 
do very nice work of this sort. 
This kind of carving is called diaper 
carving, and is very effective when pro- 
perly executed. 
The example shown at Fig. 2, when 
finished, would make a very nice lid or 
cover for a box, and if ends and front 
were executed in the same manner with- 
out beveling the edges, a very nice box 
for gloves, cuffs or collars might be con- 
structed with them. 
This is a very simple lesson in carving, 
and if the young beginner should fail in 
this, the first attempt, it will be no dis- 
credit, providing it does not discourage, 
for it must be borne in mind that most of 
our best carvers have not arrived at their 
present state of perfection without having 
first spoiled many a piece of good stuff. 
If the first attempt should prove a failure, 
do not be discouraged, but turn the block 
over and try the same pattern on the other 
side; be more careful this time, and suc- 
cess will surely crown your efforts if you 
will only persist. 
Fig. 4 sliow^s an escutcheon which is 
finished on the same principle as Fig. 2. 
There is a raised border all round the 
edge, and a few sprays on the surface are 
Fig. 4. 
raised, the sunken part is diapered with 
one of the punches shown in Fig. 3. This 
is made of hard wood and only about a 
quarter of an inch thick. 
Fig. 5 represents a rosette ornament, or 
