122 
THE YOUNG SCIENTIST. 
their separate forges. The education 
which leaves the hand undextrous and 
the arm puny is not culture, but de- 
generacy. Let us not forget that the men 
who have made America have all been 
educated by head and by hand, and the 
men who have misled America have been 
educated otherwise. Washington used 
ioiiY trades, three of which he knew 
thotoughly. Jefferson knew three or four 
trades. Franklin, besides being an ex- 
cellent printer, was a jack-of-all-trades, 
and, contrary to the proverb, very good 
at several of them. Look through the 
history of one iiundred men who have 
become illustrious, and you will find that 
the majority of them had their heads 
knocked against something hard in their 
early days. Dickens working in the black- 
ing-shop is an example. I have in my 
mind's eye a glorious university, com- 
pletely organized and equipped to afford 
an education such as the future man will 
be given. It looks not at all like Oxford 
or Cambridge, or even like Harvard. It 
loolcs more like a factory village situated 
in tlie midst of a finely cultivated farm of 
1,000 acres, with beautiful gardens and 
parks, the whole the centre of a thriving 
Industry such as our factory villages 
niiglit be, must be, shall and are just go- 
ing to be, for man will not long be the 
submissive vassal that he is now. This 
university of mine shall have a chime of 
bells, which, at six a.m. summons 2,000 
men to rise and cast off sloth, and put on 
working men's clothes and prepare for 
labor. At seven they are in their different 
shops, workers in wood, in metals, in 
leather, in stone, in hemp, in cotton, in 
.flax, in wool. For three hours they labor, 
l3eing held to a strict account for the use 
or abuse of tools, material, and time. 
In summer a portion of each day is spent 
Tby all -upon the land, so that all may have 
insight, some practical knowledge, of 
farminsr, of horses, of cattle, of the dairy, 
the garden, the orchard. At ten, all this 
is over, except in harvest-time or other 
periods of pressure. The chimes now 
send these workmen to their rooms, where 
they remove the dress and the gar- 
ments of manual labor, and come out to 
class, and remain all day university stu- 
dents." 
While we do not quite agree with all that 
the speaker puts forth in the foregoing 
extract, we are satisfied he has struck the 
right chord, and we hope that not only 
all our colleges will have workshops at- 
tached to them, but that our common and 
grammar schools will have workshops 
and laboratories connected with each and 
every one of them. After all, it is not 
great military heroes that make a nation 
mighty, it is the combined efforts of 
i:)liysical science and industry that build 
a lasting empire. 
That nation is greatest that possesses 
the greatest number of intelligent 
workers. 
Christmas Gifts. 
BY "our NED." 
npHE time- honored custom of making 
Christmas gifts to those we love is one 
we all revere. Doubtless many of our 
older readers can look back to the days of 
their youth, and with pleasurable feelings 
recall to mind many little gifts that were 
made and received, gifts that were made 
by hands that are now stilled in death, 
and which have acquired a value on this 
account, that gold or silver cannot equal ; 
but how much more do we prize a gift if 
we know it to be the work of the hands 
that gave it ? Indeed a gift, the product 
of the hands that makes it, possesses a 
two-fold value — the actual value of the 
gift, and any value we may attach to it as 
being the work of the hands of the 
giver — and this leads us to suggest that 
many of our readers might make, between 
now and the coming holidays, some little 
piece of Avorkmanship that would be use- 
ful, lasting, and pretty, for gifts to their 
friends, and which, we are sure, would be 
appreciated much more by the recipients 
than if the jiresents were some of the 
dainty glittering articles that are now of- 
fered for sale at most of the fancy stores. 
To aid the young worlcer in this object 
the following suggestions are offered with 
a view of helping him to decide what 
articles to make, and to assist him in 
making them. It is also proposed to 
