1098 
Spirocerca 468(t. 
sanguinolenta. — India. 
Haemaphysalis t869. — Ext. 
hispinosa. 
Trichodectes fl 100.— Ext. 
forficula. — India. 
hispinosa intermedia. — India, 
■\leachi ^. — India. 
#476 Cuon * [or Chryseus primaevus ^ (Hodgson, 1832, J. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, 
V. 1, 342 [Canis i]) Hodgson, 1838, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., v. 1 (2), Apr., 152. 
Buansu. Nepal *. So. #476 Cuon dukhunensis, fide Blanford, 1888, 143. 
#477 (476). Icticyon 43 Lund, 1843, Oversigt K. danske Vidensk. Selsk. 
Forhandl., KJobenhavn, for 1842, no, 6, 80, mt. venaticus Lund, 1842. — 
Guiana bush dog. Teeth 38: premolars 4/4; molars 1/2, rarely 2/2 or 1/1, 
comparatively small; lower carnassial characterized by loss of inner cusp or 
blade, and by the secant form of its hind talon. Head short, broad. Haif 
short. Legs short. Tail short. South America. 
#477 Icticyon [or Speothos ^] venaticus (Lund, 1842, K. danske Vidensk. Selsk. 
Nat. Math. AfhandL, KJobenhavn, v. 9, 203 [Cynogale ^ °]) Lund, 1843, 
Oversigt K. danske Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl., KJobenhavn, for 1842, no. 6, 
80. Bush dog, Cachorro do matto. Brazil; Guiana, Syn. Speothos vinati- 
cus°^ Jordan & Rothschild, 1908, ParasitoL, v, 1 (1), 73. 
Amblyomma t881. — Ext. Rhopalopsyllus tl635^. — Ext. 
]ovale. australis tupinus. — Bolivia *. — T. h.. 
Ixodes 1866. — Ext. \luguhris. — Bolivia — T. h. 
holiviensis. — Bolivia *. 
#478 (475), CANiNAE<4 Gill, 1872a, Nov,, 5, 63.— Dogs, wolves, foxes. Teeth 
usually 42 (rarely to 48): i. 3/3, c. 1/1, pm. 4/4, m. 2 to 4/3 to 4. Toes 5 om 
front feet, 4 on hind feet. See #479. 
«Syns.: Abathmodon^ Lund, 1843, Oversigt K. danske Vidensk. Selsk. Forhandl., Kjobenhavn, for 
1842, no. 6, 80, fossil teeth; 
Cynaiicus' Gray, 1846, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 1, v. 17 (112), Apr., 293, mt. metanogaster 
Gray so. (1904) venaticus Lund, Brazil; 
Cynalius <= Gray, 1847, List Osteol. Spec. Brit. Mus., pp. x, 18; 
Cynalj-cus™ Gray, 1869, Cat. Carniv. Pachy. Edent. Mamm., Brit. Mus., 183; 
Cynogale ^ o Lund, 1842, K. danske Vidensk. Selsk. Nat. Math. AfhandL, Kjobenhavn, v. 9,. 
203, mt. venatica Lund, 1842 [not #4306 Cynogale Gray, 1837, viverridae]; 
Ictidocyon ^ Agassiz, 1846, Nomenclator ZooL, Index Univ., 194; 
Melictes °» Gray, 1868, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 498; 
Melictis = Schinz, 1848, Rev. Zool., Paris, June, 177, mt. beskii Schinz, Brazil; 
Speothos ' Lund, 1839, Ann. Sci. nat., Paris, 2d ser., v. 11, 224, 232, mt. pacivorus Lund, fossil, 
Brazil. 
Gray (1868, 494, 495) distinguished wolves, dogs, and fox-tailed wolves as follows: 
b. Subf. CANiNA.— Head more or less elongate; nose tapering Teeth moderate. Palate elongate. See c. 
cid;e). Wolves.— Tail short, straight, bushy. Skull elongate. Old World and America. Contains,. 
Icticyon, Cuon, Lupus, Simenia, Chrysocyon. 
d (c; e). Caninia Gray, 1868, 495.— Dogs. Tail elongate, bent or curled to left. Skull short or elongate. 
One genus, Canis. 
e(,c;d). Fox-tailed wolves.— Tail elongate, straight, hairy. South America. Contains, Lycalopex, 
Pseudalopex. 
If one works only with European forms, it is not so diflacult to define a wolf, a dog, and a fox. But taking; 
the world's fauna into consideration, this is more diflScult. 
