1138 
Wider than long, but about as large as carnassial; lower carnassial with long 
wide heel and large metaconid; skull, much flattened, shaped very much as 
in the typical Mtjstelinae (long cranial and short facial portions); cavity 
of bulla, where known, as in Martinae, but with roof depressed upon 
auditory annulus and not extending to paroccipital process; palatine for- 
amina maxillary. Habits aquatic. Nearly cosmopolitan; absent only in 
Antarctic and high Arctic regions, Madagascar, Australia, and Pacific 
Islands. See #493. 
§A93 (496). Front claws absent; hind claws 1 and 5 absent, 2 to 4 rudimentary. 
Head + body over 90 centimeters long. Africa south of Sahara. See #494. 
#494 (495). Aonyx Lesson, 1827, Man. de Mammalogie, Paris, 157, mt. delalandi 
Lesson, 1827, inunguis Cuv., 1823, renamed, so. (tsd. 1900) capensis Schinz, 
1821. — African clawless otters. Antorbital portion of skull heavily devel- 
oped, broad, with large incisors and canines, carnassials and molars only 
moderately developed in proportion to the size of the skull; skull fully 3 
times the bulk of that of Micraonyx, which makes the palatal space between 
carnassials and molars of the maxillary series in Aonyx one and a half times 
greater than the transverse breadth of m S, Africa. Syns.: Anahyster 
Murray, "1861" (1863), Proc. Roy. Phys. Soc. Edinburgh, v. 2, 157, mt. 
calabaricus Murray, from Old Calabar, W. Africa; Anonyx " ° Agassiz, 
1846, Nomenclator Zool., Index Univ., 24. 
#494 Aonyx* capensis (Schinz, 1821, Cuvier's Thierreich, v. 1, 214 [Lutra^]) 
Allen, 1924, Bui. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., v. 47, 91. Large clawless otter. 
Africa. 
Trypanosoma t94. — Blood. 
species Fehlandt, 1911. — Tanganyika. — Host^ " Fischotter." 
#494 Aonyx ^ leptonyx^ (Horsfield, 1823, Zool. Res. Java, London, pt. 7, 5 pp., 
1 pl.'[Lutrai]) Gray, 1843, List Mamm. CoU. Brit. Mus., 71. So. #495 
Micraonyx^ leptonyx^, q. v. 
#494 Aonyx ^ leptonyx mayoii. So. #495 [Micraonyx] leptonyx mayoii, q. v. 
#495 (494). Micraonyx'' ARqu, 1919, J. Mamm., v. 1 (1), November, 24, tod. 
leptonyx Horsf., 1823 so. cinerea Illiger, 1815. — Asiatic clawless otters. 
Characters as in Aonyx reversed: facial portion of skull narrow and weak, 
with small incisors and canines, carnassials and molars enormously developed 
for the size of the skull, these teeth about equaling those of Aonyx; bulk of 
skull one-third or less than one-third that of Aonyx, which causes the palatal 
space between carnassials and molars of the maxillary series of Micraonyx 
to be much less than the transverse breadth of m K Borneo; Java; Karimon 
Id.; Palawan Id.; Sumatra. Syns.: Barangia Gray, 1865, Proc. Zool. Soc. 
London, no. 8, 123, mt. sumatrana Gray so. harang Cuv., from Sumatra; 
Leptonyx^ Lesson, 1842, Nouv. Tab. Regne Anim., Mamm., 72, mt. 
harang (syns. leptonix (tat.), cinerea, perspicillata) [not Leptonyx Swainson, 
1821, birds; not Leptonyx Gray, 1837, seals]. See also #498a, concolor^ 
so. cinerea; if this synonymy is correct, Micraonyx is so. Amblonyx. 
#495 Micraonyx^ [or Aonyx i, Enhydra'] cinerea (lUiger, 1815, Abh. ph.-Kl. 
K. pr. Ak. Wiss. Berlin (1804^1811), 90, 99 [Lutra i]) AUen, 1919, J. Mamm., 
V. 1 (1), Nov., 24. Clawless otter. Asia. Syn. leptonyx, 
Armillifer t796. 
[aonycis ^ — Peritoneal cavity.] 
if^^95 Micraonyx^ [or Aonyx i] leptonyx^ (Horsf., 1823, Zool. Res. Java, Lon- 
don, pt. 7, 5 pp., 1 pi. [Lutra']) AUen, 1919, J. Mamm., v. 1 (1), Nov., 24. 
Clawless otter, Javanese otter, kurzkraUig Fischotter, Anjing-ayer, Chusam, 
Simung, Suriam, Wargul, Welingsang. Assam; Burma, Himalayas, gener- 
