1158 
§516 (508) . Walls of bulla thin, its cavity either closed behind or opening into a 
spacious periotic hollow. See #517. 
#517 (529). Ca\aty of bulla closed behind. See #518. 
#51S (526). Teeth sectorial, approximately as in mustelinae; upper camassial 
longer than wide, with the talon anterior and narrow-necked, the molar 
wider than long, and the line of the upper incisors nearly straight. Feet 
scansorial and cursorial, with short sharp claws. See #519. 
#519 (524). Carpal pads not fused. Pm. 1/1 present. Baculum branched. 
See #520. 
#530 (522). Maetinae' Pocock, 1922, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pt. 4, no. 55, 
Jan., 832. — Martens. Two carpal pads separated by hairy space from 
narrow plantar pad, digital webs hairy below; no metatarsal pads. A 
well-developed marginal bursa on ear. No trace of ix)uch above anus. Pm. 
1 retained above and below. Baculum with 2 or 4 branches. See #521. 
#531. Martesise pinel, 1792, Actes Soc. d'Hist. nat., Paris, v. 1 (1), 55, mt. 
domestica Pinel so. foina Erxl. — Fishers, Martens. Skull narrow, moder- 
ately high (depth of braincase much more than half mastoid breadth), the 
dorsal profile moderately curved, the zygomatic arches not specially wide- 
spreading, and postorbital region not unusually narrowed (distance between 
region of greatest narrowing and zygoma normally less than breadth of postor- 
bital constriction) ; rostrum narrow and somewhat elongate, its width notice- 
ably less than that of interorbital region, the distance from anterior rim of 
orbit to gnathion exceeding ^Yidth of rostrum between anteorbital foramina; 
auditory bullae moderately inflated, the meatal tube evident though short, the 
longitudinal diameter of bulla greatest ; paroccipital process small, slightly pro- 
jecting, partly distinct from bulla. Teeth 38 (i. 3/3, c. 1/1, pm. 4/4, m. 1/2); 
cutting edges of 5 small premolars (2 upper and 3 lower) capable of trenchant 
action; upper carnassial long and narrow, not triangular in outline and 
without crushing surface, the small inner lobe standing as an offset to antero- 
internal extremity of crown, the sectorial portion consisting of a high anterior 
and low posterior cusp with somewhat concave connecting ridge; upper molar 
pjTiform or pandurate in outline, its long axis nearly perpendicular to that 
of tooth-row, its crown mainly flat, but with a small paracone, still smaller, 
sometimes obsolete metacone, and crescentic ridgelike protocone; lower f 
camassial wider posteriorly than anteriorly, the anterior triangle much 
distorted, the metaconid reduced to a well defined postero-intemal process 
on base of protoconid, the posterior crushing heel slightly more than iialf as 
large as trenchant portion of tooth.. External form slender, somewhat cat- 
like or squirrel-like. Head moderately elongated; muzzle pointed; the ears 
high and conspicuous. Tail long, bushy. Feet digitigrade, the moderately 
long claws partly retractile. Fur long, dense and soft. Northern hemisphere 
from limits of tree growth south to Mediterranean, Malay Archipelago, and 
central U. S.; in Europe west to Ireland. See #521A. 
#531A (5215). Maries'- Pinel, 1792, Actes Soc. Hist, nat., Paris, v. 1, 55.— 
Tan moderate, not so long as body and head, bushy. Skull elongate, narrow, 
nose rather pronounced. 
#521B (521yl). Pekania Gray, 1865, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, no. 7, 107, mt. 
Maries ^ pennanti Erxl., 1777. — Fishers. Tail elongate, slender. Skull 
elongate, narrow; nose produced. 
*6 Syns.: Mustela of Blasius, 1S57, SaugetMere Deutschlands, 211, contains: martes, foina; 
ZibeUina Kaup, 1829, Entw.-Gesch. Natiirl. Syst. Enrop. TMervr., v. 1, 34, tat. zibeUina ; 
IChanonia » Gray, 1865, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 108-109, mt. jlari^u-Za. 
