INTRODUCTION 
This annual report summarizes the research con- 
ducted by the Institute's investigators from Sep- 
tember 1, 1991, through August 31, 1992. At the 
end of August the Institute employed 222 investiga- 
tors with supporting and administrative laboratory 
staffs numbering 1,674. Their research covers a di- 
verse array of topics, although all fail within the 
scope of the five HHMI program areas of Cell Biol- 
ogy and Regulation, Genetics, Immunology, Neuro- 
science, and Structural Biology. 
In addition this report includes the work of the 
Institute's first group of International Research 
Scholars. These 24 scientists from Canada and Mex- 
ico were selected in the Institute's international 
grants program that was launched in 1991 in recog- 
nition of the fact that scientific knowledge is not 
constrained by geographical or national boundaries. 
Five-year research grants were made to the scholars' 
institutions for the support of their research that is 
described in this volume. These reports cover the 
first year of grant support (July 1, 1991 -March 30, 
1992), and the publications listed have benefited 
directly from HHMI funding. 
The 222 HHMI laboratories engaged in the direct 
conduct of medical research are directed by 4 Se- 
nior Investigators, 110 Investigators, 49 Associate 
Investigators, and 59 Assistant Investigators and as- 
sisted at the postdoctoral level by 29 Senior Asso- 
ciates and 546 Associates (including 1 1 who com- 
peted successfully in the Institute's research 
fellowship program for physicians and 7 who were 
identified through the Life Sciences Research Foun- 
dation but are employed by HHMI). The work of 
these scientists was aided by the efforts of a further 
1,099 HHMI employees comprising 622 research 
specialists and research technicians, 210 adminis- 
trative assistants and research secretaries, and 176 
other support personnel, as well as by 91 individ- 
uals associated with the Institute's Offices of Admin- 
istrative Services located within the Institute's medi- 
cal school-based units. Also working within the 
Institute's laboratories and contributing to the work 
of the HHMI investigators, although not employed 
by the Institute, were a further 575 postdoctoral 
fellows and more than 800 graduate students. 
The Institute's collaborative program with the 
National Institutes of Health at the Cloister on the 
NIH campus supported as employees 42 Research 
Scholars who were engaged in research within NIH 
laboratories under the direction of a number of se- 
nior scientists within the various Institutes of 
Health. The Research Scholar's program, directed 
for the Institute by Dr. Donald H. Harter, Senior Sci- 
entific Officer, has an administrative staff of 9- 
LOCATIONS 
The Institute maintained laboratories at 53 sites in 
40 cities and 23 states, as listed elsewhere in this 
report. New laboratory facilities were completed at 
the University of California at Los Angeles and at the 
Rockefeller University. Construction was nearing 
completion for new structural biology laboratories 
at Yale University, and during the course of the year, 
several of the Institute's laboratories were either 
renovated or enlarged. 
The Institute appointed 1 5 new investigators dur- 
ing the year at institutions where there were existing 
collaborative agreements; 13 other investigators 
were promoted within the Institute. The new inves- 
tigators are Investigator Larry Simpson, Ph.D., at the 
University of California at Los Angeles; Associate In- 
vestigators Michael P. Bevilacqua, M.D., Ph.D., and 
Scott D. Emr, Ph.D., at the University of California at 
San Diego; Investigators Peter Cresswell, Ph.D., and 
Pietro De Camilli, M.D., Associate Investigator Rein- 
hard Jahn, Ph.D., and Assistant Investigators Sankar 
Ghosh, Ph.D., and Tsutomu Tanabe, Ph.D., at Yale 
University; Assistant Investigator Geoffrey M. Duyk, 
M.D., Ph.D., at Harvard Medical School; Associate 
Investigator Nancy L. Craig, Ph.D., at the Johns Hop- 
kins University; Assistant Investigator Matthew L. 
Thomas, Ph.D., at Washington University; Investiga- 
tor Marc G. Caron, Ph.D., and Assistant Investigator 
Laura I. Davis, Ph.D., at Duke University; Assistant 
Investigator Michael H. Malim, Ph.D., at the Univer- 
sity of Pennsylvania; and Associate Investigator Ma- 
sashi Yanagisawa, M.D., Ph.D., at the University of 
Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas. 
INVESTIGATORS 
The following is a list of the investigators who 
were either appointed to or promoted within 
(marked by an asterisk) the Institute's research staff: 
Investigators 
Marc G. Caron, Ph.D., Duke University 
Peter Cresswell, Ph.D., Yale University School 
of Medicine 
*Mark M. Davis, Ph.D., Stanford University 
School of Medicine 
INTRODUCTION ix 
