Index 
Integrins 
cell adhesion, 207-209 
extracellular matrix and neuron development, 367-368 
intracellular microorganisms, 211-212 
Intercellular adhesion molecule- 1 (ICAM-1), 32 
Interferon-7 
gene regulation, 355 
immune function and tolerance, 136-138 
T lymphocyte functional heterogeneity, 57-58 
Interleukin- 1 (lL-1) 
B cell development, 411 
immune system, xlii 
T lymphocyte activation and differentiation, 97-98 
Interleukin-2 
cellular and retroviral gene expression, 313-314 
lymphoid cell grovwh and development, 445-446 
receptor structure and function, 177-178 
T lymphocytes 
activation and diflferentiation, 97-98 
functional heterogeneity, 57-58 
Interleukin-4 
genetics of cancer and, 269-270 
T lymphocyte functional heterogeneity, 57-58 
Interleukin-6, T lymphocyte activation and differentiation, 
97-98 
Interleukin-7 
genetics of cancer and, 269-270 
lymphocyte life cycle, 467-468 
Interleukins 
antibody generation, 12 
growth control, 405-406 
hematopoietic stem cells, 37-38 
Intermediate filaments 
cytoskeleton, xxxi 
nuclear organelles, 49-50 
Intestinal infection, pathogenicity studies, 387-388 
int proto-oncogene, gene targeting, 71 
Intracellular adhesive molecules, T lymphocyte activation 
and differentiation, 97-98 
Intracellular "gate," antigen presentation, 103-104 
Intracellular microorganisms, molecular genetics, 21 1-212 
Intracellular signals, molecular engineering and, 455-456 
Introns 
gene regulation, xxxv, xxxvii 
mammalian cell development, xxvi 
Invariant domain, protein chains, xlii 
Invasin, intracellular microorganisms, 211-212 
In vitro hybridization 
footprinting, genome sequencing, 83-84 
papillomaviruses, 259-260 
transcription studies, xxxviii-xxxix 
In vivo gene expression, cellular and retroviral genes, 
313-314 
Ion channels 
calmodulin-regulated, 459-460 
cell membrane regulation, 469-471 
mechanical activation, 95-96 
molecular mechanisms, 7-8, 491 
nerve cell electrical activity, 1-3 
neuron development, li 
proteins, mechanisms, 309-310 
synaptic transmission, 203-204 
voltage differential, li, liv 
See also calcium ion channels; potassium ion channels; 
sodium ion channels 
IRP-A protein, tissue-specific hormonal regulation, 9-10 
J (joining) sequence, T cell receptors, xlii, xlvii 
JR-8D2 epitope, Drosophila neurogenesis and, 18 
Jun/AP-1 proteins, molecular mechanisms, 127-128 
Junk DNA, mammalian cell development, xxvi 
jun protein, animal cell gene regulation, 451-452 
Jurkat T leukemia cells, viral replication, 313-314 
Keratin, extracellular matrix, xxxii-xxxiii 
Keratinocyte-stimulating factor (KRF-1), 259-260 
knirps (kni) gene, Drosophila development, 114-116 
kreisler (kr), characterization of, 25 
Kriippel (Kr) gene, Drosophila development, 114-116 
labial gene, Drosophila morphogenesis, 239-240 
Lactose permease, membrane transport proteins, 227-228 
/acKgene, membrane transport, 228 
lacZ gene, homeobox proteins, 296 
Lamins, eukaryotic chromosome structure, 396 
Large-scale DNA, 333-334 
Laron dwarfism, gene mapping and, 143-144 
Lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) 
nerve cell electrical activity, 2 
vision systems, 311-312 
Ick gene, lymphocyte signaling, 351 
Learning, memory cell studies, 233-234 
Legionella, intracellular microorganisms, 211-212 
Leishmaniasis, immune evasion and, 117 
Lens, pigmentation and insertional mutagenesis, 337-338 
Leprosy 
immunity and pathogenesis, 51-52 
vaccine research, 215-216 
Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, gene isolation and molecular 
diagnostics, 75-76 
Leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) 
eukaryotic gene regulation and, 67-68 
molecular recognition, 67-68 
Leucine zipper proteins 
cellular regulation, 409-410 
growth factor response, 317-318 
helix-helix association, 65-66 
protein folding, 242-244 
transcription factor, 307-308 
Leukemia 
life history, 467-468 
neoplasia development and, 249 
Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), hematopoietic stem cells, 
37-38 
Light chains, T cell receptors, xlii, xliv, xlvii 
Limb cell identity, Drosophila development, 86-88 
Linkage analysis 
genetic disorders, 89-90 
Lowe's syndrome, 326 
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), TNF release and, 41-42 
Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) deficiency, 261-262 
Liver, regeneration biology, 443-444 
Liver regeneration factor (LRF-1), liver regeneration, 
443-444 
L-myc genes, antibody generation, 12 
Localized adherence, pathogenicity studies, 387-388 
Long terminal repeats (LTR), gene regulation, 355 
Long-term potentiation (LTP) 
computational neurobiology, 399-400 
memory cell studies, 233-234 
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL), antigen presentation, 104 
Lowe's syndrome, linkage analysis, 326 
L-type channels, synaptic function, 407-408 
Lurcher (LC) gene, mammalian cerebellum development, 
190 
Ly-6 antigens, differentiation and activation, 55-56 
Lyme disease, immune response and, 136-138 
Lymphocytes 
activation mechanisms, 112 
gene expression, 413-414 
growth regulation, 483-484 
life history of, 467-468 
512 
