3 8 British Diving Ducks 
Birds, p. 144). Altogether, Mr. Harting, in his Handbook of British Birds, mentions 
eighteen authentic records of the species, but I think that nearly double that number have 
been obtained. 
Ireland.— Tht authors of the Hand-list of British Birds (p. 144) accept records from 
Ireland as follows : Dublin (one),' Down (two), Mayo (one), Rathlin Island, the latest being 
from Down (November 1897). According to Ussher and Warren the Rathlin specimen 
was not fully authenticated ; whilst the only Dublin specimen recorded by them (a female) 
seems to have disappeared {Birds of Ireland, p. 213). 
Continental Europe: Fra7tce. — Boulogne (Degland and Gerbe) ; near Dunkerque in 
1882 (Van Kempen) ; of. P. Paris, Cat. des Oiseaux de la France, p. 50. 
Italy. — Four records (Venetia, 1888 ; Ravenna, 1892 ; San Remo, 1901 ; Venetia, 1904) ; 
Giglioli, 2° Resoconto, p. 491. 
Holland. — Dresser speaks of it as occurring "very rarely on the coasts of Holland 
and France " ; but Blaauw does not include it in his list of Dutch birds, nor does Van Oort 
mention it. ^ 
Denmark. — Rare casual visitor (H. Winge) ; one in 1849 (Kjaerbolling), and two in 
1864-5 (J- C. H. Fischer). 
Scandinavia. — Visits the coasts of Finmark and the neighbourhood of Tromso and the 
adjacent fjords as far as the mouth of the Pasvig in large numbers in winter. Also the 
Norwegian coast as far south as Trondhjem. Specimens occasionally taken as far south 
as Bergen. Also visits the Baltic in smaller numbers (Ostergotland, Nilsson ; Kelmar, 
Lundborg) ; and Finland (occurs annually, Palmen). 
Russia. — Once on L. Ladoga (S. A. Buturlin) ; Archangel (specimens received, H. E. 
Dresser). Murman coast {Orn. Jahrb., 1902, p. 46). 
Fcerdes. — Occurs in summer, but has never bred {Zool, 1872, p. 3255). 
Gernmn.y. — Extremely rare casual ; near the island of Usedom and near Danzig 
(Friderich Bau, Naturgeschichte der Detitschen Vdgel, V. Edit., p. 729). 
Heligoland. — One on January 11, 1879 (Gatke, Heligoland Orn. Observatory, p. 537). 
America. — Occurs rarely and accidentally as far south as Georgia, California, and 
Iowa. (Cf. Check List N. Am.er. Birds, last edition). Dresser gives its range as S. to 
New Jersey, the Great Lakes, and New York (Eggs of B. of Eitrope, p. 583). Also casual 
to Connecticut, Virginia, and on Pacific side to San Francisco and the Californian coast 
(Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club., v. p. 189). Iowa (Auk, 1895, p. 86), Lake Michigan (Cory, Birds 
of Illinois and Wisconsin, p. 343), &c. 
On the eastern side the King-Eider winters in some numbers in the Gulf of St. 
Lawrence (The Waterfowl Family, p. 173); whilst a few are killed on the coasts of 
Newfoundland, where it is considered rare. It occurs regularly as far south as the coasts 
of New York (ibid.). On the western side large numbers winter in the Aleutian Islands 
and south along the coast of Alaska. I saw specimens killed at Wrangel, south of which 
it appears to be rare. Large numbers winter in South Greenland, and some on the north 
coasts of Labrador and Hudson Bay, where there is open water. Enormous numbers of 
King-Eiders come from the north coast of Asia in late October, and pass Bering Island, 
^ By a typographical error the five Irish records are credited to co. Dublin, from whence only one specimen has been 
obtained.— F. C R. J. 
