Steller's Eider 49 
arctic coasts of Siberia, the new Siberian Isles (Bunge), commonly on the Kolyma (Buturlin), 
and east to Kamtschatka (Steller). 
N. America. — Breeds in Alaska, commonly along the northern shores; also in the 
Aleutian Isles {fide W. H. Dall), though scarce in summer. The nest has been taken on 
Unalaska (W. H. Dall and E. W. Nelson), and also breeds on St. Lawrence I. (W. H. Dall 
and E. W. Nelson). Not rare at Point Barrow, but must breed farther north (Murdoch). 
Eggs were also taken by Macllhenny on the Simva R. near Point Barrow, Alaska. 
Stejneger is somewhat sceptical as to breeding on the Aleutians {Orn. Explorations, p. 172). 
Migration Range. 
England. — There seem to be only two well-authenticated records of the occurrence 
of this duck in our islands. The first, a nearly adult male killed near Caistor, Norfolk, 
Feb. 10, 1830 (Yarrell, P. Z. S., 1831, p. 35), now in the Norwich Museum. The second 
is that of a young male killed off Filey Brigg, Yorks, Aug. 15, 1845 (R- J- Bell, Zoologist, 
1846, p. 1249), now at Kedleston Hall. 
Europe. — Steller's Eider occurs sparingly in various parts of Northern Norway, 
Russian Lapland, but is a regular winter visitor to Tromso and the Varanger Fjord, where 
it is also found throughout the year.' It is sometimes seen in the Baltic as well as the east 
coast of Norway, where Mr. P. Musters has shot specimens. 
It has also occurred on a few occasions in Denmark (Dresser ; Winge) : on Heligoland 
four times (Gatke, Heligoland, Orit. Observatory , p. 537) : France, once between Boulogne 
and Calais in 1855 (Degland and Gerbe) ; and formerly in East Prussia, 1840-50 (Hartert, 
Ibis, 1892, p. 519); cf. Homeyer, /. / O., 1872, p. 308 {cf. also Naumann, Vog. Mittel- 
europas, x. p. 221) : Mark Brandenburg (Alturn,/./ O., 1885, p. 375). 
Asia. — Ranges commonly to the coasts of Kamtschatka, the Kuriles and Commander 
Isles (Seebohm, Birds Jap. Empire, p. 257; Stejneger, Orn. ExpL, p. 170). Also far 
inland on the Yana near Verkhoyansk (S. A. Buturlin, quoted by Dresser). 
America. — West Greenland, only once recorded from Disco fjord (Winge, Gronland's 
Fugle, p. 93). The only other records from E. N. America are Cumberland Sound (L. 
Kumlien), and Godbout, and Point des Monts, Quebec. One obtained at Godbout by 
N. A. Comeau, Feb. 1898, and others probably seen previously. See A. K. Fisher, Auk, 
vol. xvii. p. 65 (1900), and Macoun, Cat. Can. Birds, 2nd ed. p. 107. On the west side 
it is abundant in winter on the Aleutian Isles (W. H. Dall) and the coasts of Alaska 
(Macoun, Cat. Can. Birds, 2nd ed. p. 197 ; L. M. Turner, Contrib. Nat. Hist. Alaska, 
p. 135 ; E. W. Nelson, Rep. on N. H. Collections in Alaska, p. 75, &c.). 
Stejneger observed them in the winter of 1822 on Bering Island and thus records 
their seasonal movements. He says : 
"The first were met with on November i, and on November 20 specimens were brought down 
for the first time. They remained on the coast during the whole winter, and preferred the rocky parts, 
and the places where there were most breakers. Although they were very numerous throughout the 
1 Pastor Sommerfeldt, who resided on the Varanger Fjord, is thus quoted by Dresser {B. of Europe, p. 652): "It is 
found here throughout the year, particularly towards the spring, up the fjords, but in the summer, more frequently in the 
direction of Vardo, as, for instance, on the Skal and Komage rivers." He does not deny that it breeds in East Finraark or 
Russian Finmark, but thinks that satisfactory evidence is wanting. 
VOL. II. r 
