C 8*9 ) 
Again, the difference was in the Furnaces, that is, in 
the manner of ordering of the Iron to be made into 
Steel, or for- the fuperlative hardningof the Heads and 
Bitts of Tools, and not in the Matter of which they 
were made • for both was done by exco&ing them in 
molten Iron. 
I fuppofe none will doubt, but by Nucleus Ferri t mu(i 
be meant well purged Iron ; the fame which Arijlotle 
calls elf yoLfffjLiv@» <Ah*(&, : For why eife fihould he tell 
us that Wrought Iron it felf may be made Liquid, fb as 
to harden again ; that is, according to out* Phrafe, caft 
again into Sow-metal, if it was not to explain to us the 
manner of making of Stee! ; which yet plainly is his de^ 
iign. It remains then, that we (hew the different man- 
ner or ufe of this Liquid Iron ; and we have no other 
light in this matter, but what two different Phrafes af- 
ford us, viz. ad indurandam Aciem, and that of ad den- 
fandos incudes malleorumve roftra. 
. The firfl: difference then, in my Opinion, is to be ut> 
derftood, of making Steel Bairlk ; which they did pro- 
bably after the Precept above delivered ; that is, not 
only boil the Iron in its pwn Sow metal, or Liquid Iron, 
but hammer it alfo, and after quench it in cold Wa- 
ter. 
And this Opinion thofe other Words of Vlifly in the 
next Chapter favour, Ferum accenfum igni, niji duretur 
iftihusy corrumpitur ; And again, aquarum fumma diffe- 
rentia eft, cui fulinde candens immer^itur. And this way 
was fufficient for Sword-Blades, and Knives, Razours, 
&c. 
The other difference is in the Steeling their Tools : 
that is, they boiled their Tools in Sow-metal, to fuch a 
degree of Hardnefs or Temper, as was requifite, and 
did not afterwards hammer them. And this feems to 
be implied in the Phrafe Den/are, for indeed, aitho' 
it generally be (aid, that Iron is purged and refined for 
Xx the 
