BIRDS OF PASSAGE. 
49 
A List of the Summer Birds of Passage discovered in this neighbourhood, ranged some- 
what in the order in which they appear. 
Smallest willow-wren [chiffchaff petty- 
chaps], 
Wryneck, 
House swallow [chimney-swallow], 
Martin [eave-swallow], 
Sand martin [bank-swallow], 
Cuckoo, 
Nightingale, 
Blackcap [blackcap-fauvet] , 
Whitethroat [whitethroat-fauvet]. 
Middle willow - wren [warbling - petty- 
chaps]. 
Swift, 
Stone curlew [European thicknee], 
Turtle dove. 
Grasshopper lark [brake locustelle], 
Landrail [meadow-crake], 
Largest willow-wren [sibilous pettychaps], 
Redstart, 
Goatsucker, or fern-owl [motheater], 
Flycatcher, 
Linnffii Nomina. 
Motacilla trochilus [sylvia loquax'] 
Jynx torquilla [torquilla vulgaris']. 
Hirundo rustica [hirundo garruki]. 
Hirundo urhica. 
Hirundo riparia. 
Cuculus canorus. 
Motacilla luscinia Iphilomela luscinial. 
Motacilla atricapilla [fcedula atricapilla']. 
Motacilla sylvia \_ficedula cinerea]. 
Motacilla trochilus Isylvia melodial. 
Hirundo apus \cypselus murarius']. 
Charadrius cedicnemus ? loedicnemus Eu- 
ropoius']. 
Turtur aldrovandi ? [columha-turtur Eu- 
ropoea] , 
Alauda trivialis {salicaria-locustella dume- 
ticola']. 
Rallus crex {crex praiensis']. 
Motacilla trochilus [sylvia sibilans']. 
Motacilla phcenicurus [erythaca-phcenicura 
alhifrons']. 
Caprimulgus Europceus Iphalcenivora Eu- 
ropoea']. 
Muscicapa grisloa. 
My countrymen talk much of a bird that makes a clatter with 
its bill against a dead bough, or some old pales, calling it a jar- 
bird. I procured one to be shot in the very fact ; it proved to 
be the sitta europcea (the nuthatch).* Mr. Ray says that the less 
consume is inconsiderable. The tits also are frugivorous birds, more particularly the blue species ; 
but the mulilin {mecistura rosea), or long-tailed tit of most writers, now with propriety removed 
from the genus parus, is at all seasons exclusively insectivorous. Lastly, thecommon wren must 
be included in the list of occasional depredators in the garden, as it occasionally, to a very small 
extent, robs the currant-bushes, though few would suspect this from the make of its bill. All 
the pettychaps genus subsist entirely on small insects, in the different stages of their growth, 
particularly leaf insects, leaf rolling caterpillars, and spiders ; and they destroy vast numbers 
of aphides, often capturing the winged ones flying, in the manner of a flycatcher, a habit which 
is most observable in the S. sibilans- — Ed. 
* This is a very interesting bird, common throughout the year in all the sylvan districts of 
Britain, frequenting old trees, where it may be easily recognized by its lively manners, and its 
peculiar, often-repeated, monotonous, but cheerful note (resembling the sound twit, or chwittt 
emitted, at intervals, two or three times continuously, or many times without ceasing, and rather 
loudly for the size of the utterer). Or it may be known by its creeping about, by successive jerks, 
along or around their holes and larger branches, often with the back downwards, and occasionally 
in a descending direction, being the only British bird that is capable of doing this, the wood- 
pecker tribes invariably proceeding upwards, and the tree-creeper being only able to descend 
E 
