BLACK WINGED STILT. 
227 
ounces, and one quarter ; and if four ounces and a quarter have 
eight inches of legs, four poimds must have one hundred and 
twenty inches and a fraction of legs ; viz. somewhat more than 
ten feet ; such a monstrous proportion as the world never saw ! 
If you should try the experiment in still larger birds the dis- 
parity would still increase. It must be matter of great curiosity 
to see the stilt plover move ; to observ^e how it can wield such a 
length of lever with such feeble muscles as the thighs seem to be 
furnished with. At best one should expect it to be but a bad 
v/alker : but what adds to the wonder is, that it has no back toe. 
Now v/ithout that steady prop to support its steps it must be 
liable, in speculation, to perpetual vacillations, and seldom able 
to preserve the true centre of gravity.* 
The old name of himantopus is taken from Pliny ; and, by an 
* This singular form is now elevated to the rank of a genus, which contains three or four 
species, all of which, however, are rather difficult of distinction unless compared together. Our 
bird is known as the himaydopus melanopterus of systematists. It is of excessivelj' rare occurrence 
as a British species, though, as Selb}' remarks, " a few specimens have from time to time been 
killed in different parts of these islands,'' We know little of its habits, save what can be in- 
ferred from Wilson's admirable description of one of its congeners, the black-necked stilt (ff- 
nigricallis) of North America, termed by him the " long-legged avoset.'^ Indeed, from the minute 
description of this admirable ornithologist, the stilts resemble in a variety of respects the avoset 
genus, particularly in their habits and manner of feeding, which are peculiar. He relates that, 
in North America, the black-necked stilt " arrives on the sea-coast of New Jersey about the 25th 
of April, in small detached flocks, of twenty or thirty together. These sometimes again sub- 
divide into lesser parties; but it rarely happens that a pair is found solitary, as, during the 
breeding season, they usually associate in small companies. On their first arrival, and indeed 
during the whole of their residence, they inhabit those particular parts of the salt marshes pretty 
high up to\vards the land that are broken into numerous shallow pools, but are not usually over- 
l^ovved by the tides during the summer. These pools, or ponds, are generally so shallow, that, 
with their long legs, the avosets [stilts] can easily wade them in every direction ; and as they 
abound with minute shell-fish and multitudes of aquatic insects awd their larva?, besides the eggs 
and spawn of others deposited in the soft mud below, these birds find here an abundant supply of 
food, and are almost continually seen v.ading about in such places, often up to the breast in 
water." 
After describing their mode of breesling, in which they continue social, each female laying, as 
is usual with birds of this order, four eggs, "V^'ilson continues that, " while the females are sitting, 
the males are either wading through the ponds or roaming over the adjoining marshes ; but, 
should a person make his appearance, the whole collect together in the air, flying v.ith their long 
legs extended behind them, keeping up a continual yelping uote of dick, click, click- Their flight 
is steady and not in short sudden jerks, like that of the plover. As they frequently alight on 
the bare marsh, they drop their wings, stand w ith their legs half bent and trembling, as f unable 
to sustain the burden of their bodies. In this ridiculous posture they will sometimes, stand for 
several minutes, uttering a curring sound, while, from the corresponding qtiiverings of their 
wings and long legs, they seem to balance themselves with great difficulty. This sitigular ma- 
noeuvre is, no doubt, intended to induce a belief that they may be easily caught, and so turn the 
attention of the person from the pursuit of their nests and j'oung to themselves. 1 he red- 
necked avose: practises the same deception, in the same ludicrous manner, and both alight indis- 
criminately on the ground or in the water Both will also occasionally swim for a few feet, 
when they chance, in wading, to lose their depth, as 1 have had several times an opportunity of 
observing.^' 
It is a pity that the birds Mr. White mentions were nat suffered to breed, as they most pro- 
bably would have done, if unmolested. Surely less than five might have satisfied the "curiosity** 
of the pond keeper.— Ed. 
