198 
ZOOLOGY. 
coast in winter, when it feeds chiefly on the seeds of alder. In summer they are still somewhat 
gregarious, though occupied with their nests and young. The only difference I observed in 
summer plumage was a brighter hue of the yellow bars on the wings. It closely resembles the 
yellow bird in habits and notes, but differs in the choice of its food, preferring the seeds of 
trees to the low plants on Avhich the other feeds.- — C. 
CURVIROSTRA AMERICANA, Wilson. 
Red Crossbill. 
CuTvirostra arnericaiia, Wils. Am. Orn, IV, 1811, 44; pi. xxxi, f. 1, 2. — Baird, Gen. Eep. Birds, p. 426. 
Loxia americana, Bon. List, 1838. — Ib. Conspectus, 1850, 527.— Bon. & Schlegel, Men. Losiens, 5, tab. vi. — New- 
berry, Zool. California and Oregon Route, P. R. R. Rep. VI, iv, 1857, 87. 
Loziacurviroslra, Fohster, Phil. Trans. LXII, 1772, No. 23.— Aud. Biog. II, 1834,559: V,511 ; pi. 197.— Ib. Birds 
Amer. Ill, 1841, 186; pi. 200. 
Sp. Ch. — Male dull red; darkest across the back; wings and tail dark blackish brown. 
Female dull greenish olive above, each feather with a dusky centre ; rump and crown bright greenish yellow. Beneath grayish ; 
tinged, especially on the sides of the body, with greenish yellow. Young entirely brown, paler beneath. 
Male about six inches; extent, 10.50; wing, 3.30; tail, 2.25. Iris, bill, and feet, dark brown. 
Hub. — North America generally, coming southward in winter. Resident in the mountains of Pennsylvania. 
The crossbill is abundant near the coast, where it feeds in winter on the seeds of the black 
spruce. In summer it appears to retire to the high mountains to breed, but returns about 
September. The color of the males so closely resembles that of the young spruce cones that 
it is hard to distinguish them on a tree. There is, as in the last species, always a larger 
number of brown birds. I have not observed this bird in the forests of the fir, east of the 
Coast range. It seems to prefer those cones that are easy to break open. — C. 
This bird, in certain seasons, is quite abundant at Puget Sound. This was the case in the 
spring of 1854. Since that time I have obtained but one specimen. I noticed in 1854, about 
my door at Fort Steilacoom, a pair on the ground near a pool of rain water; they appeared 
very tame, and allowed me to approach within a few feet. — S. 
AEGIOTHUS LIN ARIA, Cabanis. 
Ijesser Red Foil. 
Fringilla linaria, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1, 1766, 322.— Aud. Orn. Biog. IV, 1838, 538 ; pi. 375. 
Aeardhis linaria, Bp. Conspectus, 1850, 541. 
Aegiothm linaria, Cabanis, Mu8. Hein. 1851, 161. — Baird, Gen. Rep. Birds, p. 428. 
Linaria minor, Sw. F. Bor. Am. II, 1831, 267.— Aud. Syn. 1839, 114. -Ib. Birds Amer. Ill, 1841, 122 ; pi. 179. 
Sp. Ch. — Above light yellowish, each feather streaked with dark brown. Crown dark crimson. Upper part of breast and 
sides of the body tinged with a lighter tint of the same; the rump and under tail coverts also similar, but still less vivid, and 
with dusky streaks. Rest of under parts white, streaked on the sides with brown. Loral region and chin dusky; cheeks, 
(brightest over the eye,) and a narrow front, whitish. Wing feathers edged externally, and tail feathers all round with white. 
Two yellowish white bands across the wing coverts; secondaries and tertiaries edged broadly with the same. Bill yellowish, 
tinged with brown on the culmen and gonys; the basal bristles brown, reaching over half the bill. Length, 5.25; extent, 9; 
wing, 3.10 ; tail, 2 70. Iris brown, bill yellow, feet black. 
Ilah. — Throughout eastern North America, coming south in winter. Washington Territory. — Cooper. 
The lesser linnet I never saw but once, when a small flock appeared on the coast in winter. 
I obtained one specimen, Avhich was unluckily destroyed afterwards. It seemed to have much 
the same habits as the pine finch, and fed on alder and thistle seeds. — C. 
