ZOOLOGY. 
221 
produces the singular hooting, with which the male solaces his lonely hours, is worthy of 
dissection and study. I have seen this bird as far south as the Russian River mountains in 
California. It is common on the east side of the Cascades, as far north as the 49th parallel." — S. 
TETRAO FRANKLINII, Douglas. 
FranUliii's Grouse ; Tyee Grouse. 
Tetrao frankUnii, Douglas, Trans. Linn. Soc. XVI, 1829, 139.— Rich. F. Bor. -Am.II, 1831, 348; pi. Ixi.— Baird, 
Gen. Rep. Birds, p. 623. 
Telrao canadensis, var. Bonap. Am. Orn. Ill, 1830, 47 ; pi. xx. 
? Telrao fusca, Ord, Guthrie's Geog. 2d Am. ed. II, 1815, 317. Based on small Virown pheasant of Lewis & Clark, 
II, 182, which very probably is this species. 
Sp. Ch.— Tail of sixteen feathers. Feathers above distinctly banded with plumbeous ; beneath uniform black, with a 
pectoral hand of white. Chin and throat above black, the tail feathers entirely black, without orange brown terminal band ; 
the upper tail coverts broadly tipped with white. Wing, 7. 35 ; tail, 5. 62. 
Ilab. — Northern Rocky mountains, and west. 
Abundant in the Rocky and Bitter Root mountains, also found in the Cascade mountains, 
Washington Territory, near the Yakima Passes. This bird, by the Indians, has the jargon 
name, "Tyee Kulla-Kulla" or the "chief bird," or perhaps more correctly the gentleman bird. 
Washington Territory contains five of the species of Tetrao or tail grouse known to exist in 
North America, the only species not found within its limits being the Tetrao cupido or pinnated 
grouse, the Bonasa umbellus, and, if distinct, the Tetrao canadensis. Of the five native species 
there is not one but can be said to be plentiful in some portion of the Territory. In the 
interior arid regions the species nrophasiamis and phamaneUus ahovLwdi, the first being only found 
in that region, the others extend into the Rocky mountain valleys. In the extreme east T. 
frankUnii, T. obscuriis, and Bonasa sahinii are plentiful, whereas in the extreme west but the 
two last mentioned. In the western section, owing to the abundance of food, thick covers, and 
absence of foxes, it is probable that both species will always remain numerous. 
As may be inferred from this notice of their limits, all the five species of grouse may be 
found within a few miles of Fort Dalles on the Columbia, besides, perhaps, a Ptarmiigan near 
the limits of perpetual snow on the sides of Mount Hood. 
The specimens of Tetrao f ranldimi, sent by me to the Smithsonian, were obtained by Lieutenant 
John Mullan, United States army, at the St. Mary's valley in the Rocky mountains. Lieutenant 
Mullan stated to me that they were quite an abundant bird in that region, and very readily 
killed, as they are tame and unsuspicious. The skins were thrown in alcohol, but, unfortnately, 
in drying became much damaged. — S. 
«Mr. George Gibbs, in a letter to me, speaks as follows of a grouse shot by him, which probably belonged to this species : 
"I should mention that in November, 1849, I shot a bird on the Willamette valley much resembling the hen of the 
ruffed grouse, but not more, at most, than two thirds the size. I [could not identify it by any description in Nuttall's 
Manual, and had no means of preserving the skin. It seemed in adult plumage ; had no ruft". I did not ascertain the sex, 
but suppose it to be a female ; I have never since met with a similar bird." 
Again he says : "Mr. Bolon (an old resident in the Territory) says that there is a grouse on the tops of the Cascade moun- 
tains, near Rainier, less than the ruffed grouse, but the same color, has no ruff. It is a shorter bird than the sharp-tailed 
but stout in proportion. The eyelids and wattles on the neck, briffht red, where in the blue grouse they are yellow. Abundant 
and very tame. The Indians call them the tyee grouse." 
