ZOOLOGY. 
335 
The condition of the specimen is such that no reliable statement can be given of the number of 
fin-rays. Length of skin, 29 inches. Insertion of anal fin about 2| inches in length. A single 
tooth on the anterior portion of the vomer. Intermaxillary projection strongly decurved in 
the dried skin. 
George Gibbs, esq., obtained the following information regarding this salmon from Mr. John 
Swan, one of the proprietors of the fishery at the mouth of the Puyallup: 
Toicatl. — These come every fall, with the SJionqidd. (8. Scoiileri.) They are a speckled 
salmon, with small black spots, more distinct than those of the Schedad, ( Satsup ?) The scales 
are of a duller hue. All the others have bright scales when in salt Avater, but change on 
entering the fresh. These last are ahvays dull. They are the largest of the Sound salmon, and 
run twenty to twenty-five pounds, averaging fifteen. They diff"er from any of the rest." 
Note. — An alcoholic specimen in the Smithsonian collection, marked 1136, is apparently a 
female, of some nearly allied sj)ecies, from the same general region of country. The head and 
skin are preserved, the flesh having been removed. In general appearance it much resembles 
the present species, but the spots are more numerous, and rounds not confluent. 
SALMO SCOULERI, Rich. 
Hooked-nosed Salmon; Fall Salmon. 
&Yii.— Salmo scouleri, KiCH Faiin. Bor. Amer. Ill, 1836, 158, and 223; pi. xcvii.— DeKat, N. Y. Fauna III, 1842. 
GiRARD, Gen. Eep. Fishes, p. 305. — Herbert, Fish and Fishing, &c., Suppl. 1850, 37. 
Salar scouleri, Valenc. in Cuv. and Vol. Hist Nat. Poiss. XXI, 1848, 345, 242.— Stoker, Synops. 1846, 
194.— Grd. in Pioc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. VIII, 1856, 217. 
? Salmo lycaodon, Pallas, Zoog. Eos. Asiat. 
Figure. —Rich, F. B. A. Ill, 1836 ; pi. 93. 
Sp. Ch. — iUaZc.— Profile much arched, the convexity rising from nape to dorsal fin. The hody at that point is thick, 
tapering from thence to the caudal. Intermaxillary prolongation strongly decurved, and armed with large hooked teeth. 
Under jaw armed with a dilated and slightly incurved knob, similarly provided with strong teeth. The teeth on the eides 
of both jaws are strong, and very irregular in size or disposition, and extend almost to the angle of the commissure. Teeth 
on the vomer, present or absent, varying in this respect in diiferent specimens. Caudal fin moderately lunated, the degree 
varying according to age. 
Colors. — In recent specimens fresh from the sea we find a silvery lustre; not, however, as strongly marked as in the jS". 
gairdneri, S. quinnat, and other species. The ground color of the back is lead color, and that of the belly white, or yellowish 
white. The back and sides arc unspotted. 
Fanale. — The fresh run female differs in having symmetrical jaws, destitute of elongated intermaxillary, or of the incurved 
knob on the lower jaw. 
Richardson gives the branchial rays as 12-13. Those of the seven specimens in the Smith- 
sonian collection have from 12 to 14 on either side. Ventral appendages long. 
Richardson says: " The palatine and vomerine teeth equal the posterior ones on the lower jaw 
in size, and are implanted in double rows; there are none on the anterior knob of the vomer." 
Of the seven specimens we have, four have no vomerine teeth, two of tlie others (females) have a 
very minute single tooth about the middle of the bone, and the other has a row of rather strong- 
teeth upon it. The latter having dried with the mouth closed, it is difiicult to ascertain their 
exact number or arrangement. 
The heads of the males which are contained in the collection have a membrane stretched 
across the roof of the mouth in its anterior third; above it tliere is a cavity opening posteriorly 
and terminating anteriorly in the maxillary protuberance, forming a cul de sac. 
In speaking of the prolongation and incurvature of the extremities of the upper and lower 
jaws, Sir John Richardson says that they are " said to be peculiar to the male after spawning." 
