APPENDIX TO THE REPORT ON FISHES. 
3 
The stream was excellently adapted for casting tlie fly, and abounding in fish of fine size and 
quality, was fit to take position in an angler's Paradise. 
The trout of Weber Eiver seemed to vary from those of Black's Fork, in having the lower fins 
much more tinged with yellow. The stomachs of all, when examined, were found to contain 
insects, such as wasps, beetles, ants, etc. 
We are inclined to believe that the geographical range of the species extends to the west as far as 
Gravelly Ford, on the Humboldt. Specimens were examined which were caught at Deep Creek, 
150 miles west of Great Salt Lake. Approaching so nearly to the trout of all other places in 
general appearance, and trout-like habits so peculiar and unmistakeable, we cannot refrain from again 
expressing entire want of faith in the so-called genus Salar. 
Why the presence or absence of vomerine teeth should swallow np all the other characteristics of 
the fish to the extent of losing its name and generic position, we cannot imagine, especially when 
such a basis of classification as that proposed by sticklers for the genus Salar is shown to be faulty 
in the Salmonidse by the species S. scouleri Kich., specimens of which exist in the Smithsonian 
Museum which have, and others which have not, vomerine teeth. [See remarks on pages 308 and 
335.] It seems that should the divisions Fario and Salar be retained, they should only be as 
subgenera, and more for convenience than for any other reason. 
The Salmo Quinnat, Eich. {see page 321), we have ascertained, by careful examination, to be the 
principal species brought to the San Francisco markets. It was found abundant there during the 
months of January and February, and could easily be recognised by its large head and pointed 
jaws, and by the number of its branchial rays, which are usually over fifteen in number. The tail 
is large, and well cut out, and the lower fins unspotted. We heard of two specimens which had been 
brought to the market that weighed sixty-four and a half pounds each ! These were the largest 
that we have known of in that locality ; but fish of seventy pounds, it is said, have been caught 
further north. This must be about the maximum weight to which it ever attains. 
The Quinnat Salmon is obtained for the San Francisco market by fishermen in the Sacramento 
River, who take them with gill-neis, much in the same way as shad are caught in the Hudson. 
The fishmongers to whom the question was put, whether any peculiarities in external appearance 
serve to distinguish the sexes, answered that they knew of none. 
The same species of salmon was found, about the 1st of December, abundant in the bay at Port 
Townsend, and at Port Gamble, Puget Sound. The Indians took them in moderate quantities, 
by trolling in the manner described on page 329. These salmon were not running up the rivers, 
not yet impelled by instinct so to do, as their ova thus early in the season wei'e but very slightly 
developed. 
In the San Francisco market we also noticed a small salmon, more spotted, with smaller head and 
more rounded jaws than the Quinnat — in fact, much more nearly resembling the S. Gairdneri or 
the S. truncatus. This kind is called by the dealers salmon -troid. It does not appear to attain a 
very large size — rarely exceeding 28 inches — and is, for its real or supposed excellence, sold for a 
much greater price than the Quinnat. 
In the autumn the S. scouleri is probably sparingly found in the Sacramento. We were 
shown a head, in the Cabinet of the S. F. Academy of Sciences, which evidently belongs to this 
