Ornithic Fossil Bones from New Zealand, 171 
the emeu, and the length of the spinous process, with its in- 
clination forwards, where it abuts against the compressed iliac 
bones, render it probable that this vertebra had a similar posi- 
tion in the skeleton to which it belonged. 
The length of the nine anchylosed sacral vertebrae is four 
inches ; the height of the anterior sacral vertebra, measured 
from the base to the upper part of the coalesced spinous ridge, 
is three inches. The bodies of the first two sacral vertebra3 
are partly separate, the rest are completely anchylosed. The 
first five sacral vertebrae are furnished with upper and lower 
transverse processes. The last four are destitute of a lower 
transverse process. There is a distinct foramen for the exit 
of the sensory and motor nerves, as in other birds ; the ostrich 
is the only exception to this rule with which Professor Owen 
is acquainted. The broken portion of a rib measures 3| 
inches, and Ij^th inch transversely, at the broadest part. 
From analogy with those in the skeleton of the emeu, it 
appears to have been broken off below the head and tubercle 
of the third or fourth rib on the right side. The two pha- 
langeal bones are each nearly two inches in length, some- 
what compressed laterally, and rounded above. There is a 
longitudinal groove at each side of the ungual phalanx, and a 
well marked impression at each side of the anterior articulat- 
ing surface of the penultimate phalanx. The phalangeal 
bones are double the size of those of the middle toe in the 
skeleton of the emeu, but less than those in the ostrich. The 
bone, which I assume to be a scapula, is 9 inches in length, 
with a circumference of 6j inches at the articulating extre- 
mity, where it was incrusted with a layer of calcareous sta- 
lagmite, characteristic of limestone-cave specimens. The cir- 
cumference at the middle is 3 inches, and IxV^h inch at the 
free end. The surface of the bone is marked with oblique 
longitudinal striae, decussating in a somewhat irregular manner 
from its posterior to its anterior extremity. There are two dis- 
tinct impressions at the larger extremity, which may corre- 
spond to articulating surfaces for a double condyle of the 
humerus, and a broad transverse impression for the articula- 
tion of the caracoid in front. This is an interesting addition 
to the remains of these extinct birds, as there is no scapula 
