tinyTNF coding sequence has been precisely re- 
placed by a CAT-coding sequence (with preser- 
vation of the promoter and downstream controlling 
sequences), Dr. Beutler and his associates will at- 
tempt to determine the site of cachectin/TNF pro- 
duction in a variety of disease models. 
The studies currently in progress may illuminate 
the conditions required for macrophage activation 
PUBLICATIONS 
by endotoxin and the molecular details involved in 
cachectin/TNF biosynthesis. They may also suggest 
practical means of interrupting these processes for 
therapeutic effect. 
Dr. Beutler is also Assistant Professor of Internal 
Medicine at The University of Texas Southwestern 
Medical Center at Dallas. 
Books and Chapters of Books 
Beutler, B. 1988. The biological effects and biosynthetic control of cachectin, a modulator of host metabo- 
lism in disease. In Proceedings of the 18th Steenbock Symposium. Hormones, Thermogenesis and Obesity 
(Lardy, H.A., and Stratman, F., Eds.). New York: Elsevier Science, pp 257-265. 
Beutler, B. 1988. Orchestration of septic shock by cytokines: the role of cachectin (tumor necrosis factor). In 
Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Septic Shock (Roth, B., Ed.). New York: Liss, pp 219-235. 
Beutler, B. 1989. Cachectin as a proximal mediator of acute and chronic catabolic processes. In New Hori- 
zons III, Multiple Organ Failure (Bihari, E., and Cerra, F.C., Eds.). FuUerton, CA: Society of Critical Care 
Medicine, pp 61-76. 
Articles 
Beutler, B. 1988. Cachexia: a fundamental mechanism. Nutr Rev 46:369-373. 
Beutler, B. , and Cerami, A. 1988. The history, properties, and biological effects of cachectin. Biochemistry 
27:7575-7582. 
Beutler, B., and Cerami, A. 1989. The biology of cachectin/TNF— a primary mediator of the host response. 
Annu Rev Immunol 7:625-655. 
Beutler, E., Gelbart, T, Han, J.H., Koziol, J.A., and Beutler, B. 1988. Evolution of the genome and the genetic 
code: selection at the dinucleotide level by methylation and polyribonucleotide cleavage. Proc Natl Acad 
5a f/5A 86: 192-196. 
Casey, M.L., Cox, S.M., Beutler, B., Milewich, L., and MacDonald, EC. 1989. Cachectin/tumor necrosis factor-a 
formation in human decidua. Potential role of cytokines in infection-induced preterm labor. J Clin Invest 
83:430-436. 
Eck, M., Beutler, B., Kuo, G., Merryweather, J. P., and Sprang, S.R. 1988. Crystallization of trimeric recombi- 
nant human tumor necrosis factor (cachectin). /5zo/ Chem 263:12816-12819. 
Huber, M., Beutler, B., and Keppler, D. 1988. Tumor necrosis factor a stimulates leukotriene production in 
vivo. Eur J Immunol 18:2085-2088. 
Milenkovic, L., Rettori, V, Snyder, G.D., Beutler, B., and McCann, S.M. 1989. Cachectin alters anterior pitu- 
itary hormone release by a direct action in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86:2418-2422. 
Takayama, K., Qureshi, N., Beutler, B., and Kirkland, T.N. 1989. Diphosphoryl lipid A from 
Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides ATCC 17023 blocks induction of cachectin in macrophages by lipopoly- 
saccharide. Infect Immun 57:1336-1338. 
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