in Washington, D.C. Earlier multiyear awards to the 
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory in New York and to 
The Jackson Laboratory in Maine continued into 
1988. 
A $4 million grant to the Marine Biological Labo- 
ratory supports its training and education programs 
for a period of seven years. In addition to sup- 
porting summer courses in neuroscience, physiol- 
ogy, embryology, and microbiology the award pro- 
vides for planning and initiating new projects 
in electronic information storage, retrieval, and 
management by the Marine Biological Labora- 
tory/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute Library. A 
summer pilot program demonstrated a variety of 
electronic databases. In addition, computer net- 
works were established to link the library and 
teaching facilities. 
A $500,000 three-year grant to the Institute of 
Laboratory Animal Resources supports a number of 
activities related to animal models and genetic 
stocks for biomedical research and education. 
Grant-supported activities in the first year included 
attention to policy and procedure concerns regard- 
ing use and preservation of transgenic strains of an- 
imals. The Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources 
provides information and advice to the federal gov- 
ernment, the national and international scientific 
communities, and the general public. It publishes 
standard reference documents on the care and use 
of laboratory animals, maintains a directory of 
sources, and convenes expert groups to consider 
relevant scientific and policy issues. 
The ongoing $7 million grant to the Cold Spring 
Harbor Laboratory supports the development of a 
new neuroscience facility and an expanded pro- 
gram of advanced courses in neuroscience and 
structural biology for a period of three years. Insti- 
tute funds have enabled the Laboratory to embark 
on a series of intensive two-week courses given in 
the spring and fall to complement its usual summer 
program, which is partially supported by the grant 
as well. 
The $2 million grant to The Jackson Laboratory, 
over a three-year period, supports the acquisition 
of scientific equipment for training and education, 
the enhancement of the genetic resource program, 
and renovation of an educational facility. Among 
the educational activities supported by the grant 
were an international conference on transgenic 
mice in MHC (major histocompatibility complex) 
research and a summer course on preservation of 
frozen embryos. Grant funds also have been used 
for expansion of facilities whereby laboratory mice 
bred outside this laboratory may be brought in 
without danger of infection to the resident mouse 
colonies. In addition, renovation of a residential fa- 
cility for students has begun. 
New Graduate Programs 
As another avenue to strengthen the pool of 
medical trained researchers, plans were developed 
during the year for a fellowship program to be 
launched in the fall of 1989. This program of Post- 
doctoral Research Fellowships for Physicians will 
support physicians seeking full-time training in fun- 
damental research. The 25 fellowships awarded 
annually will provide three years of support, in- 
cluding stipends and research and institutional al- 
lowances. Physicians who have completed at least 
two years of postgraduate clinical training and no 
more than three years of research training are eligi- 
ble to compete, including United States citizens 
and foreign nationals. 
UNDERGRADUATE EDUCATION IN THE 
BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 
Undergraduate science education has been char- 
acterized in numerous national reports as the es- 
sential bridge linking secondary schools with the 
nation's graduate and professional schools that 
train future investigators, physicians, and science 
faculty. 
To help strengthen undergraduate science educa- 
tion and enable it to fulfill its traditional role, the 
Institute has established an Undergraduate Biologi- 
cal Sciences Education Initiative. This initiative has 
two goals: first, to encourage and provide opportu- 
nities for undergraduate students— especially mi- 
nority group members and women — to prepare for 
graduate studies and careers in biomedical educa- 
tion, research, or medical practice and second, to 
enhance the overall quality of education and re- 
search in biology and related disciplines by helping 
undergraduate institutions bring fresh perspectives 
to teaching and by developing new programs in 
emerging areas. 
Other principal objectives include broadening 
the academic base of biology by more closely inte- 
grating the teaching of biology with chemistry 
physics, and mathematics; firmly grounding biology 
students in these disciplines; and strengthening the 
ties between undergraduate institutions and sec- 
ondary schools to help improve biology and related 
science curricula at the secondary level. 
Continued 
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