SCAUP DUCK 
Nyroca marila (Linnasus) 
Anas glaucium minus striatum^ Briss. Orn., vi. p. 416 (1760). 
Anas marila, Linn., Fauna Suecica, ed. ii., p. 39 (176 1). 
Anus marila, Linn., Syst. Nat. (ed. xii.), p. 196 (1766). 
Anas subterranea, Scopoli, Ann. i,, Hist. Nat., p. 67, No. 83 (1769). 
Le milloninan, Buff. Hist. Ois., ix, p. 221 (1783). 
Anas fraenata, Sparrm. Mus. Carls., fasc. ii. pi. 38 (1787). 
Aythya marila (Linn.), Boie, Isis, 1822, p. 564. 
Fuligula marila iX'^, Steph. in Shaw's Gen. Zool., xii., ii. p. 198 (1824). 
Platypus marilus (L.), C. L. Brehm, Lehrb. Naturg. eur Vog. ii. p. 830 (1824). 
Nyroca marila (L.), Fleming, Brit. Anim., p. 122 (1828). 
Athya islandica, C. L. Brehm, Vog. Deutschl., p. 911 (1831). 
Athya leuconotos, C. L. Brehm, op. cit., p. 913 (183 1). 
Fuligula gesneri, Eyton, Cat. Brit. B., p. 58 (1836). 
Marila frenata, Bp. Compt. Rend., xlii., part ii., p. 651 (1856). 
Fulix marila (L.), Baird, B. of N. Amer., p. 791 (1858). 
Local Names. — Scaup, Scaup Duck, Blue-bill, Mussel Scaup, Black Pochard, Black Curre {English) ; 
Greater Scaup Duck, Greater Broad-bill, Blue-bill {N. America) \ Canard milouinan {French) ; 
Moretta grigia {Italian) ; Bergente, Moorente {German) ; Patka crninka {Croatian) ; Kaholka 
{Czechish)', Bjergand {Danish and Norwegian)', Hvitbuk, Bergand {Swedish); Dukond, Hrafnsond 
{Icelandic) ; Toppereend {Dutch) ; Tunturi-sotka {Finnish) ; Goloubaia-Tschernett, Beloglaska 
{Russian) ; Andt {Farceese) ; Nakihashjro-gamo {Japanese) ; Stuora fietag {Lappish) ; Kaczka 
ogorzalka {Polish) ; Buixot {Spanish) ; Hegyi recze {Hungarian) ; Hwyaden Lygad Arian (Silver- 
eyed Duck), Hwyaden Benddu (Black-headed Duck {Welsh). 
Egg. — In shape rather broad and regular oval ; colour, stone-buff and not glossy ; 
size, from 2.45x1.67 to 2.5 x1.77 inches. I found the usual number in Iceland to be 
from 7 to 10. Mr. Jourdain says 8 to 11 is the usual number. In Iceland 19 eggs 
were found in one nest {Ornithologist^ p. 126), whilst Kriiper found 22 in one nest 
(Naumannia, 1857, P- 44)- 
Many authorities give different measurements of the eggs of this bird, so I quote 
some exact measurements and weights of eggs kindly sent me by Mr. F. C. R. 
Jourdain : — 
" Average size of 100 eggs in millimetres is 61.77 x 43.6. Max. 68. i x 44.7, and 59 x 48 ; 
min. 54.5x41.5 and 66.3x40.7. Average weight of 54 eggs, 5.73 gr. (4.92 to 7.089 (Goebel). 
Rey's average for 35 = 5.79 g. {4.95 to 7.22 g.)." In shape they are much like those of 
the Tufted Duck ; the female incubates alone for four weeks (Hantzsch), and young are 
fledged in five or six weeks (Hantzsch). 
Young in Down. — Dresser's description of the young in down is a correct one. 
"Crown, nape, and upper parts, uniform dark olive-brown; throat, sides of the head, 
and forepart of the neck, yellowish-white; a dull greyish band crosses the lower neck, 
rest of the under parts dull yellowish ; the flanks, greyish-yellow ; upper mandible, blackish, 
» 
