C 931 ) 
Coal and Otc^Jtratum fufer ftratum.mtW it be full ; and fo put- 
ting Fire to the bottom, they let it burn till the Coal be vva(ied, 
and then renew the Kilns with frelliOreand Coal, in the fame 
manner as before* This is done without Fufion of the Metal, 
and ferves ro confume the more droiTy parts of the Ore, and to 
make it friable ; fupplying the Beating and Waftiing, which 
areufed toother Metals. 
from hence they carry it to their Furnaces, which are built of 
Brick or Stone, about 24 foot fquareonthe outfide,and near3o 
footin height. Within, not above 8 or i o foot over, where it is 
widefl-^ which is about the middle; the cop and bottom having a 
narrower compafs, much like thefliape of an Egg, as in the 
Figure. See Fig. 4. A tnmel^C the Vurmce^ B the Mouik 
of the Furnace, 
Behind the Furnace are placed two huge pair of Bellows, 
whofe Nofes meet at a little hole near thebotrom. Thefe are 
compreflTed together by certain Buttons, p'aced on the Axis of 
a very large Wheel, which is turn'd about by Water, in the 
manner of an Overfliot-Mill. As foon as thefe Buttons are Aid 
ofF.the Bellows are raifed again by the counterpoife of weights^ 
whereby they are made to play alternately, the one giving its 
blafl: all the time the other is rifing. 
At firft, they fill thefe Furnaces with Ore and Cynder inter- 
mixc with Fuel , which in thefe Works is always of Char- 
coal | laying them hollow at the bottom, that they may more 
eafily take fire : But af er they are once kindled, the Materials 
run together into a hard cake or lump, which is fuftained by the 
fafllnonof the Furnace, and through this the Metal, as it melts, 
trickles down inro the Receivers, which are placed at the bot- 
tom, where there is pafiage opeOj by which they take away the 
Scum and Drofs, and let out the Metal as they fee oceafion, 
Before the Mouth of the Furnace lies a great Bed of Sand , 
wherein they make Furrows of the fafliion into which they de- 
fire to cafl: their Iron. Into thefe, when their Receivers are 
full, they let in their Metal 3 which is made fo very fluid by 
the violence of the Fire, that it not only runs toaconfiderable 
diftance ; but ftands afterwards boiling for a good while. 
After thefe Furnaces are once at Wcrk , they keep them 
condantly employed for many Months together, never fuf- 
fering the Fire toflacken nigiit nor day; but ftill fupplying 
the 
