M. R. MALINOW, J. D. HILL, M. LEES, W. P. MCNULTY AND A. J. OCHSNER III 
113 
Table I. — Retrospective Prediction by Discriminant 
Analysis of "Alive" and "Dead" Monkeys After Ex- 
perimental Occlusion of the Left Anterior Descending 
Coronary Artery 
Percent Correctly Predicted* 
Data Arrangements Group I Group II 
1. All values selected at the time of 100 93 
lowest diastolic blood pressure re- 
cording during the 30-minute 
postligation period. Systolic, di- 
astolic, and mean blood pressure 
in mm.Hg. and aortic flow in per- 
centage of control value. 
2. Same as #1 but all values in per- 91 80 
centage of their control values. 
3. Same as #1 but without aortic 82 80 
flow. 
4. Same as #2 but without aortic 73 87 
flow. 
6. All values selected at the time 80 92 
of the lowest aortic flow record- 
ing during the 30-minute post- 
ligation period. Systolic, diastolic, 
and mean blood pressure in 
mm.Hg. and aortic flow in per- 
centage of control values. 
6. Same as #5 but all values in per- 90 92 
centage of their control values. 
7. All values selected at the time of 82 93 
the time the lowest systolic blood 
^ pressure recording during the 30- 
W minute postligation period. Sys- 
tolic, diastolic, and mean blood 
pressure in mm.Hg. and aortic 
flow in percentage of control 
value. 
8. Same as #7 but all values in per- 100 87 
centage of their control values. 
9. Same as #7 but without aortic 82 80 
flow. 
10. Same as #8 but without aortic 64 80 
flow. 
♦Group I ("Dead") — Eleven monkeys which died within 6V2 
hours from myocardial infarction with shock. Group II ("Alive") — 
Fifteen monkeys which survived myocardial infarction more than 
12 hours. 
ventricular lumen, and a mural thrombus was 
attached; thrombi were found in the renal ar- 
teries, presumably embolic from the heart. 
Thrombi were not found in the anterior de- 
scending coronary artery below the point of li- 
gation. Two animals had left ventricular necrosis 
extending much farther laterally than was gen- 
eral ; in one of these, anomalous duplicate ante- 
rior descending coronary arteries had been in- 
cluded in the snare. A small and strictly lateral 
infarction of the left ventricular wall was found 
in one animal, which showed ECG pattern (b) 
(Cf, supra). 
Necrosis of the inner cortex of the adrenal 
was found in 2 animals ; paracentral necrosis of 
the liver and splenic infarcts were found in 3 
others. Various degrees of renal tubular ne- 
crosis were common. The anatomical changes 
ranged from necrosis of scattered groups of 
tubules to wedge-shaped areas of cortical ne- 
crosis. In some cases, these necroses were clearly 
older than the postinfarction time. 
Series II 
Two of the 17 animals undergoing surgery 
died postoperatively before ligation. In 2 of the 
15 survivors, the ligation was unsuccessful be- 
cause misplacement of the snare excluded the 
coronary artery or included part of the pulmo- 
nary valve. Nine of the monkeys died within 8 
hours from myocardial infarction with a syn- 
drome resembling cardiogenic shock ; the 4 sur- 
viving animals were terminated on subsequent 
days. Because of the unequal and small size of 
the 2 groups, results are presented together 
for all monkeys. 
Electrocardiogram. The ECG was similar to 
that previously described under pattern (a). 
Right bundle branch block was observed in 3 
animals. Premature ventricular beats as well as 
ventricular fibrillation were common immedi- 
ately after coronary occlusions. The episodes of 
ventricular fibrillation were successfully termi- 
nated with D.C. countershocks. 
Hemodynamic and Blood Gas Studies. Imme- 
diately after ligation, aortic blood pressure and 
aortic flow decreased (Figure 5). Although 
some fluctuations occurred, the blood pressure 
and flow generally remained at these reduced 
levels. 
Fifteen minutes after infarction, cardiac out- 
put decreased and the decline was still evident 
45 minutes later (Table II). There was little 
Table II. — Cardiac Output and Blood Gas Analyses in 
Monkeys Injected with Microspheres (mean ± S.D.; 
N - IS) 
15 min. After 
45 min. After 
Control 
Infarction 
Infarction 
Mean 
Mean 
Mean 
Cardiac output 
(ml/min) 
1106 ± 205 
665 ± 200t 
606 =t 50t 
Cardiac output 
(ml/min/kg) 
166 ± 34 
99 ± 29t 
89 ± 21t 
Arterial pH 
7.485 ± 0.031 
7.494 ± 0.031 
7.480 ± 0.052 
Arterial COj tension 
(mm. Hg) 
37 ± 6 
32 ± 6 
32 ± 7 
Arterial Ol- tension 
(mm. Hg) 
103 ± 13 
111 ± 11 
108 ± 11 
t Significantly different from control p<0.001 
The Student "t" test for paired values was used. 
