JAMES D. HARDY 
343 
regardless of the immunosuppressive agents 
used. The most commonly used moities are aza- 
thioprine (Imuran), prednisone, methotrexate, 
and antilymphocyte serum in various combina- 
tions. 
12. The gross and microscopic changes of 
lung allograft rejection have been well de- 
scribed, but as yet no reliable objective and non- 
invasive method for detecting the stage of rejec- 
tion is available. 
13. The dog bilateral allotransplant opera- 
tion now provides an excellent model for allo- 
graft study. The animal must survive solely 
on genetically dissimilar lung tissue, and all 
respiratory function is clearly derived from the 
transplants. 
14. We have a colony of immediate bilateral 
lung allotransplant dogs surviving on predni- 
sone and anti-lymphocyte serum suppression 
alone, without azathioprine which is relatively 
toxic to dogs. The oldest survivor has now gone 
eight months and is in excellent condition. 
15. Based on experience previously gained 
with the dog model, approximately thirty human 
lung transplants have now been performed. Clin- 
ical lung transplantation should improve stead- 
ily as laboratory experience further extends 
knowledge in the field. 
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 
The work from our laboratories was per- 
formed in collaboration principally with Drs. 
Fikri Alican, Sadan Eraslan, Martin L. Dalton, 
Erol Isin, Yoshio Kondo, Kazuo Hino, and 
Mukadder Cayirli. 
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