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technique wherein clinical applications could 
be used in a nearly veterinary sort of approach. 
The ventricular fibrillation will obviously stop 
any experiment, and we have not been success- 
ful in using the standard DC countershocks, pri- 
marily because of the thick myocardial wall of 
the calf. However, we were able to skirt this 
problem by using an intensive antiarrhythmic 
regimen which involved continuous infusion of 
lidocaine and lidocaine bolus prior to emptying 
the apical left ventricular myocardial apex. 
I think that the positive and expiratory pres- 
sures are pretty well established now on the 
clinical side. However, working out discriminate 
analyses of calves of varying states of maturity 
remains to be done. 
Obviously we've not stressed the physiologic 
importance of being able to dissipate contin- 
ually 50 watts of additional heat. This is work 
we are doing now and hope to present this 
spring. But if we have a 250 pound calf living 
over an eight or nine day period with serum 
hemoglobin levels less than 7 mg per cent, and 
we are able to dissipate about 85 per cent of 50 
watts of heat directly into the circulating blood. 
This opens the way for a nearly direct proto- 
type of a totally implantable nuclear fuel sys- 
tem. Obviously this has been our goal over the 
past 6-7 years in the program. 
