424 
SURGERY AND TRANSPLANTATION 
has been most useful in our laboratory because 
of its tolerance to CPBP and chronic mechanical 
circulatory assist/replacement devices. 
SUMMARY 
Seven species have been compared in terms 
of their usefulness as experimental animals in 
a cardiovascular surgery program. The au- 
thors selected the calf since most of our work 
necessitated considerable handling of cardio- 
vascular tissues, a tolerance to chronic trans- 
cutaneous instrumentation, a tolerance to 
cardiopulmonary bypass and a tolerance to 
chronic mechanical circulatory support or re- 
placement devices. The necessity for preopera- 
tive conditioning was emphasized, as were the 
means of anesthetic and operative management'. 
It was found that the calf is relatively easy to 
manage postoperatively; however, this does 
not mean that one can neglect them after inten- 
sive surgical procedures. The primary difficul- 
ties encountered when using this species in an 
experimental cardiovascular laboratory include 
their susceptability to upper respiratory infec- 
tions, the fact that they are not mature animals, 
the fact that their thorax does not conform 
to that of man or sub-human primates, and the 
fact that electrical defibrillation in larger ani- 
mals is difficult with existing equipment. 
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