BOWIE, PUROHIT, ADAMS, SOMAIAH, HAWTHORNE AND HINDS 
551 
29. Whitehouse, F. W., and James, T. N. Chronotropic 
action of glucagon on sinus nobe. Proc. Soc. Esp. 
Biol. Med. 122:823, 1966. 
30. Click, G., Parmley, W. W., Wechster, A. S., 
and SONNENBLICK, E. H. Glucagon : Its enhance- 
ment of cardiac performance in the cat and dog 
and persistance of its inotropic action despite beta- 
recepton blockade with propranolol. Circ. Res. 
22:789-799, 1968. 
31. Regan, T. H., Lehan, P. Y., Henneman, D. M., 
Behar, A., and Mellems, H. K. Myocardial met- 
abolic and contractile response to glucagon and 
epinephrine. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 63:638-647, 1964. 
32. Sutherland, E. W., and Rall, T. W. The relation 
of adenosine — 3'5' — phosphate and phoxpherylase 
to the action of catecholamines and other hor- 
mones. Pharmacol. Res. 12:265, 1960. 
33. Parmley, W. W., Click, C, and Sonnenblick, 
E. H. Cardiovascular effect of glucagon in man. 
New England J. Med. 279:12-17, 1968. 
34. LiNHART, J. W., Barold, S. S., Cohen, L. S., Hild- 
NERS, F. J., and Samet, P. Cardiovascular effect 
of glucagon in man. Am. J. Cardiol. 22:706-710, 
1968. 
35. Parmley, W. W., and Sonnenblick, E. H. Glucagon: 
A new agent in cardiac therapy. Am. J. Cardiol. 
27:298-303, 1967. 
36. Entman, M. L., Levy, G. S., and Epstein, S. E. 
Mechanism of action of epinephrine and glucagon 
on the canine heart. Cir. Res. 25:429-438, 1969. 
37. PURI, P. S., and BiNG, R. J. Effects of glucagon on 
myocardial contractility and hemodynamics in 
acute experimental myocardial infarction. Basis for 
its possible use in cardiogenic shock. Am. Heart J. 
78:660-668, 1969. 
38. Kumar, R., Sharma, G.V.R.K., Molokhia, F. A., 
Norman, J. C, Inamdar, A. N., Messer, J. V., 
Abelmann, W. H., and Hood, W. B. Experimental 
myocardial infarction X. Efficiency of glucagon in 
acute and healing phase in intact conscious dogs. 
Circulation 45:55-64, 1972. 
39. Diamond, G., Forrester, J., Danizig, R., Parm- 
ley, W. W., and Swan, H.J.C. Acute myocardial 
infarction in man. Comparative hemodynamic ef- 
fects of norepinephrine and glucagon. Am. J. Car- 
diol. 27:612-616, 1971. 
DISCUSSION 
C. Grant LaFarge, Children's Hospital Med- 
ical Center, Boston, Massachusetts : I think this 
paper and the one earlier by Dr. Cothran are 
both extremely interesting. Have you had a 
chance to look at any abnormal animals that 
you've made, either with infarction techniques 
or hypertrophy, or any other state. I wonder if 
Dr. Cothran might respond to that, too? 
Dr. Cothran : No. 
Daniel B. Jackson, Abbott Laboratories, 
North Chicago, Illinois : Did you have a chance 
to do any studies on the relationship between 
the stroke volume and end-diastolic volume 
which is dependent on varying heart rates ? 
Dr. Purohit : No, but by infusion of the Ty- 
rode's solution, we were not able to change the 
heart rates. We were only able to change the 
end-diastolic volume by volume load, and this 
caused an increase in the stroke volume. No, 
we haven't tested these hearts to cause the 
heart rate to increase or decrease, which we 
must plan to do in the future. 
