J. L. MAUDERLY AND J. A, PICKRELL 
679 
with these function tests prior to the point at 
which it can be picked up clinically. We worked 
with this very intensely. Now, we haven't 
taken, for instance, isoproterenol, or some other 
drug, and injected it; measuring changes. Our 
studies have been of a different nature, a dif- 
ferent design. But we have seen very nice direc- 
tional changes. We have seen the onset of these 
directional changes to occur on pulmonary func- 
tion testing before they were obvious with other 
methods. And, we are working on some other 
techniques which I did not mention today, 
which are more sensitive. We're working for a 
sensitive indicator, as well as simply a pathoge- 
nesis of the disease. But it has worked very well 
for us. I don't have any data in the manuscript, 
as such, on pulmonary function changes related 
to a disease condition. It wasn't within the 
scope. But I do have a tremendous volume of 
that sort of information, and we do see very 
nice directional changes. 
Chairman: You don't think then that the 
dog's normal pH is 7.3 arterial, as you had a 
normal range ? 
Dr. Mauderly : Well, this is the normal that 
we found on sixty dogs, and therefore it is our 
normal value. Now, again when you develop 
tests like this you have to set forth your condi- 
tions and then establish your base line or nor- 
mal values based on those conditions. Now, the 
dog resting back in the kennel may have a 
slightly different pH. This is the normal pH 
that we found in our laboratory. And other 
compilations of the data that we've made over 
the past few years give slightly different means. 
It may be 7.38, or 7.4, or 7.375. But it's very 
close to this. I think this is a good figure. 
