C. STOUT AND F. BOHORQUEZ 847 
Table V. — Taxonomic Classification & Prevalence of Arterial Lesions in Carnivores and Pinnipeds 
Number of Animals % of Aorta Containing Lesions 
With 
With 
Fatty 
Fibrous 
Order 
Common Name 
Scientific Name 
Total 
Lesions Atheroma 
Steaks 
Plaques 
Other 
V^&i 111 VUi cL 
Oanis latrans 
5 
o 
tr 1 
♦ 
Canis familiaris 
2 
C. 
it 
tr, 1 
Crocuta crocuta 
1 
1 
2 
2 
3 
O 
£i 
tr 
2 
« 
Pvn/*vn'n Intni* 
1 
1 
tr 
A f vipnTi Pi vpfr. 
Viverra civetta 
1 
1 
4 
Suricata suricatta 
1 
Taxidea taxiis 
1 
Fisher 
Martes Pennanti 
1 
Smootli otter 
Lutra perspicillata 
3 
tr, tr 
American black bear 
Ursus Americanus 
5 
e 
o 
tr, tr, tr 
5, 15, 20, 35 
(4-) (4-) 
Asiatic black bear 
SplpTiBi'f tiici tViibptflTin^ 
hJ^riCrillXl. ^LLlo (•'lllk/^TL'CAllvlo 
1 
tr 
Sloth bear 
]\ielursus ursinus 
I 
i. 
5 
X 
IMoutitain lion 
X dlO V^vli^VlVJ- 
3 
Tiger 
Panthera tigris 
4 
African lion 
T^nTrfTipyfl. Ipn 
1. cxiiLii%ri.c4 icru 
7 
Black leopard 
Panthera pardus 
2 
Cheetah 
Acinonyx jubatus 
1 
Serval 
Felis Serval 
1 
Bobcat 
Felis rufa 
1 
Fishing cat 
Felis viverrina 
1 
Margay 
Felis wiedi 
1 
Leopard cat 
Felis bengalensis 
1 
Golden cat 
Felis temmincki 
4 
2 
tr, 3 
♦ 
Spotted cat 
Felis rubiginosa 
1 
1 
15 
kJllVW J-J XZ\J ^ cll Ll 
Panthera uncia 
X 
tr 
TOTALS 
54 
19 
0 
7 
19 
6 
% 
35% 
13% 
35% 
11% 
Pinnipedia 
Sealion 
Zalophus californianus 
7 
7 
tr, tr, 2, 5, 
10, 10, 11 
Harbor seal 
Phoca vitulina 
5 
4 
tr, 1, 2, 5 
TOTALS 
12 
11 
0 
0 
11 
0 
% 
92% 
92% 
• = Parasitic lesions 
+ = Medial Degeneration and/or calcification; ( + ) = with aneurysms 
tr = Trace 
frequently contained lipid droplets. In one 
Nubian ibex (Capra ibex), the lipid droplets 
were extremely numerous, yet no foam cells 
were present (Figure 12) . Although none of the 
lesions were classified as atherosclerotic, fibrous 
plaques in two animals, one white-tailed deer 
(Odocoileus virginianus) and one stork (Jabiru 
mycteria), contained central, hypocellular, lip- 
id-rich zones which suggested early atheroma- 
tous transformation (Figure 13). 
The coronary arteries in medium sized and 
small hearts were examined in 54 non-human 
primates using a modification of the method of 
Clarkson.23 In medium-sized hearts blocks were 
removed from the main left coronary artery, 
the proximal portions of the left anterior de- 
scending and circumflex branches of the left 
coronary artery, and the proximal portion of 
the right coronary artery. Three frozen step 
sections from half of each block were stained 
with Oil Red O, and the remainder of the block 
was embedded in parafiin for a single H & E 
section. In the small hearts, one or two coronal 
blocks including both ventricles was removed 
and processed in the same manner. All of the 
arteries greater than 30 microns in diameter in 
the sections described were then counted, and 
the total was divided into the number of arter- 
ies with intimal disease to derive a score for 
each heart. Lesions consisting of minor intimal 
thickenings which contained Oil Red 0 positive 
material were found in 10 (19%) of the 54 
hearts. One to 6.5% of the arteries were in- 
volved in the majority of the hearts with le- 
sions. In one male bush baby (Galago 
senegalensis) , 11% of the small arteries had le- 
sions. Significant arterial stenosis was not 
found in any of the hearts. ^'^ 
The coronary arteries in medium sized and 
small hearts of all of the other species of mam- 
