854 
ANATOMY AND PATHOLOGY 
Figure 11. — (Z 251) Wapiti (Cervus canadensis). 
Elderly adult female. Inferior mesenteric artery 
showing multiple transverse ridges due to degenera- 
tion and hyalinization of the inner media. Sudan IV 
stain. 
lar to those which have been described in the 
renal arteries and arterioles of humans with es- 
sential hypertension,^^ and were not present in 
sections from kidneys of 9 other chimpanzees, 4 
of whom were over 35 years of age. No other 
abnormalities which could cause hypertension 
were found in the remaining organs.^^ 
The blood pressure was not measured during 
life in the above described chimpanzee. The 
enormous difficulties involved in determining 
accurate, average blood pressures in non-human 
primates are probably responsible for the fact 
that no examples of hypertension have been un- 
covered. 
DISCUSSION 
The discovery of morphologic changes sug- 
gesting pre-eclampsia and essential hyperten- 
sion in chimpanzees should stimulate investiga- 
FiGURE 12. — (Z 488) Nubian ibex (Capra ibex). 
Adult female. Fibrous plaque from left coronary ar- 
tery showing extensive lipid accumulation in the 
form of diffusely dispersed fine droplets. Oil Red 0 
— hematoxylin x 25. 
tors to look for these and other disease entities 
in living non-human primates. A living chim- 
panzee with pre-eclampsia or essential hyper- 
tension would be extremely valuable in biomedi- 
cal research. For example, in a hypertensive 
animal, vascular resistance could be determined 
acutely and/or chronically by instrumentation 
Figure 13.— (Z 400) Stork (Jabiru mycteria). Adult 
female. Fibrous plaque from right coronary artery 
showing marked expansion of cells in center of 
plaque by lipid accumulation. The media is just visi- 
ble at the lower left corner. H & E x 160. 
