912 
GENETIC AND BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF RADIATION 
16-watt, 
24-watt, 
RES-24 - 
RES- 50 \ 
(Plutina, 3779) 
(Wolf, 3778) 
(3403) 
(3308) 
(4437) 
(4 1 72) 
(5453) 
(5952) 
(Baboon, 761-76) 
(Baboon, 143-71 ) 
(Chimpanzee, 191-71 ) 
NO SOURCE 
(Litter I , 
(Utter 1, 
(Litter 3, 
(Litter 3, 
(Utter 3, 
(Litter 3, 
(Utter 3, 
(Litter 3, 
(Litter 3, 
Pup 7) 
Pup 9) 
Pup 1 ) 
Pup 2) 
Pup 3) 
Pup 4) 
Pup 5) 
Pup 6) 
Pup 7) 
■ Sacrificed 
Liners 
I Sacrificed 
July 
1967 
July 
1968 
July 
1969 
YEAR 
July 
1970 
July 
1971 
Figure 1. — Summary of radioisotope-bearing animals and their offspring. 
radiation. A 24-watt ssspy capsule was im- 
planted in the other dog, a 90-pound male (Wolf, 
#3378), who remained in good health until he 
was sacrificed 26 months later (Figure 1). 
The blood passing through the 16-watt ^sspu 
heat exchanger was exposed to a radiation dose 
of 60 mrem/hr while the 24-watt ^sspu heat ex- 
changer had a blood radiation dose of 90 
mrem/hr. 
Composite radiation equivalent sources (RES) 
of negligible heat output but of radiation dose 
rates comparable to 24-watt ^sspu capsules were 
implanted in six other dogs. In four of the 
subjects (#3403, 3308, 4437 and 4172) the 
sources were placed in the left costophrenic 
pleural space, and in two (#5453 and 5952), 
they were implanted in the left iliac fossa. Two 
of the dogs in this group died of pneumonia 
(#4437 and 5453), and one was sacrificed at 14 
months (#4172). 
RES's of radiation dose rate comparable to 
50-watt 238pu capsules were implanted in the 
left iliac fossa of two baboons (#761-70 and 
143-71) and one chimpanzee (#191-71). 
Table I shows the nuclear radiation char- 
acteristics of all the radioisotope sources used 
thus far in the study. 
Nine surviving pups from three litters of 
offspring from RES dogs 3403 and 3308 were 
also studied (Figure 1). Radioactive capsules 
were not implanted in the puppies. However, 
by being 5 to 15 cm from the mother's radio- 
isotope source, they had been exposed during 
the two-month gestation period to 5-170 mrem 
of neutron and gamma radiation per hour. 
Monitoring 
Blood tests were done before implantation of 
the radioactive capsules and were repeated 
periodically during the months that followed. 
RBC, WBC, differential leukocyte, platelet and 
reticulocyte counts, and red cell indices were 
determined. 
