SCHWINDAMAN, CONNOR, MCPHERSON, PIERCE, NORMAN, CASS, PARKER & HARMISON 1273 
whetlier raised in captivity as domesticated. 
Once an animal is named by the Secretary, it is 
covered across the board for research purposes, 
exhibitions, or pets. 
We have in the definition some exclusions. 
These are rats and mice, aquatic animals, birds, 
and domestic farm animals. So these are not an 
"animal" under the New Act. It does sound odd 
that you can have humane requirements for a 
certain species and not for all of them. But 
there is a reason for these exclusions, and 
primarily it's because of a lack of manpower 
and money. Rats and mice are probably the 
animals used used in the greatest quantity for 
research purposes; and in our discussions, we 
felt that perhaps with these particular species 
of animals there was not any great inhumane 
care in handling. 
The New Act directed itself more toward the 
exhibition animals. So this is where we're going 
to place our primary enforcement responsibility. 
Under the New Act there are going to be 
certain research facilities that can be exempted. 
These research facilities will be those where 
no biomedical research is being conducted. They 
do not use dogs or cats; they use the animals 
covered in small numbers; and they do not 
vitiate the purposes of the New Act. To make 
application for this exemption, each and every 
one of these will have to be inspected and rec- 
ommendation made by our administrative peo- 
ple in the field as to whether they shall in fact 
be exempted. If they are exempted, their names 
will then be published in the Federal Register. 
How is the New Act going to be adminis- 
tered ? Well, essentially it's going to be admini- 
stered the same way as the old one. We're 
going to have our veterinarians in charge who 
are primarily responsible for the administra- 
tion of The Act in their state along with their 
staff of inspectors who will be making the in- 
spections. Now I mentioned that under Pub- 
lic Law 89-544, the Department's jurisdiction 
went to the research door. Under the New Act, 
the authority is there for us to go in and to see 
that the animals actually under research are 
held under the humane care and handling stand- 
ards, and provided the creature comforts, if you 
will, as long as it does not interfere with the 
research procedure, protocol or the experimen- 
tal design. This determination will be made by 
the attending veterinarian or an animal care 
committee for the institution and consisting of 
three members, one of whom shall be a Doctor 
of Veterinary Medicine. This particular ani- 
mal care committee is going to have a great deal 
of responsibility, and I hope they recognize that. 
The new law requires that the research facili- 
ties submit to the Secretary of Agriculture, be- 
ginning February 1, 1973, and each February 1 
thereafter, an annual report in which they give 
the number of animals used for experiments 
and other items, which include the following. 
"(a) The location of the facility or facilities 
where animals were used in actual research or 
experimentation ; (b) The common names and 
approximate numbers of animals used ; (c) The 
number of experiments conducted involving 
necessary pain or distress without the use of 
appropriate anesthetic, analgesic or tranquiliz- 
ing drugs." 
Now, I know that many people in the scien- 
tific community feel that this is going to be a 
great burden. We hope that it will not be. Here 
again a great deal of responsibility is being 
placed upon the attending veterinarian and/or 
the animal care committee, because the attend- 
ing veterinarian or the animal care committee 
will have to certify these experiments that were 
used without these classes of drugs: the anal- 
gesics, anesthetics, and tranquilizers. I think 
the reason that there is a great deal of respon- 
sibility here is that we are also required to 
submit to Congress a compilation of these ex- 
periments in an annual report during March of 
each year. Now I hope that I can set your minds 
at rest somewhat, because the annual report is 
not public information. When it is submitted 
to the Secretary, we in turn will compile it and 
submit it to the Congress. By law, the only 
people who can release this information, and 
then it will not be identified with any particular 
research facility, is the President of the Senate 
or the Speaker of the House. So I do feel that 
the research facilities have been protected here. 
There is only one thing that I would like to 
mention in addition to the annual report and 
the use of these classes of drugs, this is the 
transportation standards under which animals 
have to be transported. The licensed dealers 
