SCHWINDAMAN, CONNOR, MCPHERSON, PIERCE, NORMAN, CASS, PARKER & HARMISON 1287 
tion, as far as the administering agency was 
Concerned, was that we did not want to put in 
our regulations anything so inflexible that it 
would tie down the investigators, the institu- 
tional committees or the attending veterinar- 
ians. 
I think Congress intended that if the scien- 
tific community did not respond positively that 
most assuredly there could very well be more 
stringent legislation. I like the approach that 
they have taken, and I hope that the scientific 
community will respond in a positive manner. 
If a particular investigator does not concur 
with the guidelines as established by the in- 
house institutional committee, the institution 
itself will take care of this, without having to 
take any legal sanctions under the provisions 
of the law. 
Even though I realize that I'm not respond- 
ing directly to your question, I feel that, at this 
point, we can utilize the institutional commit- 
tee and the attending veterinarian to provide 
the intent of the law without getting into any 
more stringent guidelines. 
Keith Kraner, University of Missouri: I 
have a question regarding the definition of 
some of the animals. I've alternated between 
feeling that I understand and that I don't under- 
stand a number of times. 
I guess the question is when is a pig not a 
pig? For instance, you mentioned that farm 
animals are not animals currently under this 
legislation. A pig is a farm animal, but is it 
always a farm animal? Or is it not a farm ani- 
mal, for instance, when it's used in medical 
research? Is it not a farm animal when it's used 
in zoological research? Or is it, in all cases, 
not included at this time? 
In some situations it can be a rather signif- 
icant factor when it comes up for documenta- 
tion in the annual report. It may mean several 
thousands of animals don't have to be included 
in one definition, and yet in another may have 
to be. 
Dr. SCHWINDAMAN : Well, Dr. Kraner, I can't 
answer very specifically in saying that at this 
time a pig is a farm animal and will not be in- 
cluded under the definition of "animal." Some 
of the confusion comes from the fact that in our 
definition of "animal," and the legal counsel ad- 
vised us of this, we had to taken certain word- 
ing out of the Act itself and include it in our 
definition. It became very confusing when we 
started talking about horses and farm animals 
that may be used for purposes of improving 
the breed, or nutrition. The legal people have no 
hesitancy about saying that farm animals under 
our present definition are not covered. When 
we do cover farm animals, we will have to take 
into consideration all these other qualifying 
causes that are in the definition, but at this time 
farm animals are not covered. 
Dr. Aaron Leash, Case Western Reserve 
University, Cleveland : Question regarded writ- 
ing an annual report and types of animals in- 
cluded. 
Dr. Conner : The way our policy is currently 
established, it is restricted to the six species 
that the USDA law covers. However, if the law 
takes the anticipated course, and an investiga- 
tor proposes to an NIH entity a project involv- 
ing the use of pigs and gets that support, then 
those pigs are considered experimental animals. 
They are definitely homothermal, and they 
would be covered by the intent of our policy. 
Questioner (unidentified) : We have a con- 
siderable number of things to report annually, 
the number of animals, the facilities where 
they're used, the names of species, painful ex- 
periments, and the use of painful drugs. Will 
the USDA provide us with forms or are we 
supposed to write this out in an annual report? 
Also, since we don't have any forms, are we 
supposed to be collecting this information now? 
When does this reporting period begin? 
Dr. SCHWINDAMAN : Yes, the Department of 
Agriculture will have forms for this purpose. 
People in the Office of Management and Budget 
. . . told us that we did have to have a form for 
this purpose, so we have devised one. It's very 
simple, and we hope to have it out to you within 
the next three months. 
Believe me, this is kind of a joke with us too 
because we had anticipated starting to enforce 
this law as of December 24th and you can't en- 
force it without the forms that we don't have 
yet. 
In answer to your specific question, there will 
be a form for this purpose. The reporting period 
will be for the calendar year prior to February 
