84 
ENDOSPORE^. 
[CHONDRIODERMA, 
p. 200. Lycoperdon radiatum Linn., Sp. PI., ed. 2, p. 1654 (1763). 
Liderma umhilicatum Pers., Syn., p. 165; Engl. FL, v., p. 310. 
Didymium stellare Schrad., Nov. PI. Gen., p. 25 (1797). Leangium 
stellare Link, in Berlin Gas. Nat. Fr. Mag., iii., p. 26 ; Post., in 
Fuckel, Symb. Myc, Nachtr. 2, p. 72. Liderma Carmichoilianum 
Berk., Engl. Fl., v., p. 311. Chondrioderma Carmichcelianum 
Cooke, Myx. Brit., p. 42 ; Mass., Mon., p. 202 (in part). 
Plate XXXIIL, B.— a. sporangia, x 20; S. capillitium and spores, x 
280 ; c. spore, x 600 (England). 
The development of lime varies in different gatherings and often in 
individuals of the same cluster ; instead of the wall being obscurely 
granular, as is usually the case, it may be loaded v?ith white granules, 
or these may be partially present, forming a white cap to a dark 
sporangium, or the sporangia may be dark brown with little or no 
deposit of lime in the wall. American specimens received from 
Dr. Rex differ from the European in the colourless flexuose capiUitium 
and the more ovoid columella. C. roanense is describedas a new species 
by Dr. Rex (Proc. Acad. N. Sc. Phil., 1893, p. 368) ; the sporangia 
are umber-brown, resembling in this respect the dark forms of 
C. radiatum occasionally met with at Lyme Regis, but they are much 
depressed and almost orbicular in shape ; the columella is convex and 
pale ochraceous ; the short stalks are black ; the capillitium is colour- 
less, of the same character as in the American specimens of C. radiatum ; 
the spores are similar to those of the latter species. It appeal's to be 
represented by a single gathering from Roan Mountain, Tennessee, 
and is allied to C. radiatum, as pointed out by Dr. Rex, who adds : 
" It differs from the other discoidal or orbicular species in the dark 
chestnut umber colour, its well-marked discoidal columella and jet- 
black irregular stipe." Until further gatherings are obtained to esta- 
blish the constancy of the form, C. roanense may be regarded as a variety 
of C. radiatum. 
Hal). On bark, twigs, etc. — Lyme Regis, Dorset (L:B.M.62) ; 
Boynton, Yorkshire (B. M. 1063) ; Poland (Strassb. Herb.) ; Norway 
(B. M. 531) ; Italy (B. M. 632) ; Virginia (L:B.M.62). 
12. C. rugosum Rex, in Proc. Acad. N. Sc. Phil. 1893, p. 369. 
Plasmodium grey. Total height 0-7 to 1 mm. Sporangia subglobose 
or hemispherical, stipitate, scattered, 0*5 to 0*6 mm. diam., 
greyish -white, brown at the base, reticulated with wrinkles " which 
divide the wall into 25 to 30 ii-regularly polyhedral portions " ; 
sporangium-wall single, papyraceous, with scanty deposits of lime 
in minute, scattered, angular fragments. Stalk subulate, 0-4 to 
0*6 mm. high, furrowed, black. Columella clavate, about half the 
height of the sporangium, rugose, chalky or yellowish-white. 
Capillitium of delicate colourless threads, sparingly anastomosing 
and branching towards the tips. Spores violet-brown, minutely 
warted, 9 diam. 
Plate XXXIV., A..— a. sporangia, x 20 ; b. capillitium, with fragment of 
sporangium-wall and spores, x 280 ; c. spore, x 600 (United States). 
This species is, as stated by Dr. Rex, allied to C. radiatum ; it has 
been found once in considerable abundance at Cranberry, N. Carolina. 
Hah. On moss, etc. — N. Carolina (L;B.M.63), 
